研究生: |
陳亭宇 Ting-Yu Chen |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
聚集經濟與知識外溢對台灣製造業之影響 The influence of aggregate economic and knowledge spillovers on manufacture in Taiwan |
指導教授: |
祁玉蘭
Yih-Luan Chyi |
口試委員: | |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技管理學院 - 經濟學系 Department of Economics |
論文出版年: | 2006 |
畢業學年度: | 94 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 88 |
中文關鍵詞: | 聚集經濟 、知識外溢 、群聚 、生產力 |
外文關鍵詞: | aggregate economic, knoeledge spillover, cluster, productivity |
相關次數: | 點閱:95 下載:0 |
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產業發展一直以來是經濟、社會、管理學者的研究重點,尤其產業在空間上的聚集現象更是幾十年來至今方興未艾的研究主題。且隨著知識經濟的時代趨勢,創新研發的議題不斷出現,更有許多實證研究認為創新研發不止為該公司帶來私人報酬,其外溢效果帶來的社會性報酬更是明顯超越私人報酬。因此本研究主要針對聚集造成的知識外溢影響做討論,以瞭解生產力是否可以藉由聚集的外部經濟加以提升?或是反而因為聚集帶來的外部不經濟,如土地成本提高、交通壅塞、每人平均可使用公共設施或服務減少以及環境污染等因素使得生產力下降?
空間向度方面,本研究以中華民國台灣本島22個縣市為研究範圍。而時間向度為中華民國90年。產業向度,本研究採用2001 年主計處「工商及服務業普查」資料,主要研究製造業生產力之表現。製造業分為24個中行業;99個小行業;或是245個細行業。本研究觀察對象為台灣本島22個縣市245個細行業。
主要研究發現知識外溢效果的衡量針對不同產業需要不同方式,且聚集形式對不同科技產業生產力之影響效果不同。專業化經濟都沒有出現顯著的效果,其係數估計值更沒有一致的方向。顯示台灣製造業專業化聚集程度已經達到某種水準,如果聚集持續發生很可能造成聚集不經濟。多元化經濟只有在低科技產業下對生產力有顯著的正面影響,在較高科技產業下多元化經濟有不顯著的負向影響,反應多元化經濟對於高科技產業並不是提升生產力的關鍵因素。都市化經濟則是對中低科技及低科技產業生產力統計上有顯著幫助。
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郭迺鋒、劉孟俊、詹立宇、遊淑慧〈企業聚集化程度、電子化傾向及研發活動對勞動生產力的影響:台灣製造業引力模型(Gravity Model)之應用〉,《經濟情勢暨評論》,2004,10:1,頁140-163。
蔡光第、楊浩彥,〈多層次巢覆式R&D外溢效果與其對台灣製造業不同科技部門之貢獻〉,《經濟論文叢刊》,1996,頁29-59。
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