基於相似類別的問題往往有相似的的解決方案之觀點，本文以問題特性陣列(PCA)作為模式化問題的手段，以萃智中的技術演化趨勢建立解題模式，辨識解決問題的相關演化趨勢與其階段。藉由一組相似度公式的建立，截取出與問題PCA相似的相關演化趨勢與其階段，而問題的PCA主要是由解決問題所需的功能和所需的屬性或其改變所組成。本研究將映射問題特徵陣列至相對應演化階段的相似度估算數學模型，編纂成一易於使用的excel-based軟體，故可快速的辨識出相關演化趨勢，無須依靠過往經驗和人為的主觀判斷。

本研究的貢獻包含：1）建構一數理化的解題模式可自動快速地辨識出相關演化趨勢，無須仰賴專家知識與主觀的判斷；2）釐清工程系統中屬性、狀態與功能間的關係，為往後各種以功能屬性為基礎的相似度分析解題辨識方法奠定根基；3）建立基於功能屬性關係的標準化演化趨勢列表，利於進一步的相關研究。

Based on the idea that problems of similar class tend to have similar solutions, this research established a problem modeling approach, based on Problem Characteristics Array (PCA), and a solution modeling approach based on TRIZ Trends of technical evolutions to identify stages of relevant trend for problem solving. A set of similarity formula were established to extract relevant trends and stages for solutions from solutions to problems of similar PCA. The PCA of a problem consists primarily of the functions needed to solve the problem and attributes or their changes needed for problem solving. The mathematical model for similarity calculations to match problem characteristics array (PCA) onto corresponding stages of relevant evolutionary trends was codified in Excel-based software for ease of usage. The model can indentify relevant trends quickly and objectively without relying on experienced and subjective human judgments.

The contributions of the research include: 1) Establishing a mathematical model to automatically and quickly identify solution models in relevant trends without relying on expert’s knowledge or subjective judgments; 2) Identifying relationship among attributes, states, and functions of an engineering system paving the foundation for function-attribute-based solution identifications using various similarity analyses in the future; 3) Establishing standardized evolution trends tables on function-attribute relations for further relevant studies.

I. 英文參考文獻
Altshuller, G. (1984). Creativity as an Exact Science: The Theory of the Solution of Inventive Problems. New York, NY: Gordon & Breach.
Altshuller, G. (1997). 40 Principles: TRIZ keys to technical innovation. Worcester, MA: Technical Innovation Center.
Clausing, D. P. (2001, Aug.) The Role of TRIZ in Technology Development. The TRIZ Journal, Article 1. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2001/08/a/index.htm
Dewulf, S. (2006, Nov.). Directed variation: Variation of properties for new or improved function product DNA, a base for ‘connect and develop’. ETRIA TRIZ Futures. Retrieved from http://www.creax.com/mailing/2006_11/Final-ETRIA.pdf
Domb, E. (1997, Dec.). TRIZ Case Studies: Report on the Total Product Development Symposium. The TRIZ Journal, Article 1. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/12/a/index.htm
Fey, V. & Rivin, E. (2005). Innovation on demand: New product development using triz. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Rantanen, K., & Domb, E. (2002). Simplified TRIZ: New problem-solving applications for engineers and manufacturing professionals. Boca Raton, FL: St. Lucie Press.
Mahalanobis, P.C. (1936). On the generalised distance in statistics. Paper was presented in Proc. Nat. Inst. of Sciences of India, 12, 49–55.
Mann, D. L. (2002). TRIZ and DeBono's Six Thinking Hats. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/content/c090202a.asp\
Mann, D. L. (2002, Feb.). Assessing the Accuracy of the Contradiction Matrix for Recent Mechanical Inventions. The TRIZ Journal, Article 5. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2002/02/e/index.htm
Mann, D. L. (2002). Application of systematic innovation trend prediction tools to the design of future bearing and lubrication systems. Retrieved from http://www.systematic-innovation.com/Articles/02,%2003,%2004/Mar02-APPLICATION%20OF%20SYSTEMATIC%20INNOVATION%20TREND%20PREDICTION%20TOOLS%20TO%20THE%20DESIGN%20OF%20FUTURE%20BEARING%20AND%20LUBRICATION%20SYSTEMS.pdf
Mann, D. L. (2003). Hands-On Systematic Innovation. Ieper, Belgium: CREAX Press.
Mann, D. L. (2003). Better technology forecasting using systematic innovation methods. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, 70, 779–795.
Mann, D. L. (2004, Dec.). Fan Technology: Evolutionary Potential and Evolutionary Limits. The TRIZ Journal, Article 4. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2004/12/04.pdf
Mann, D. L. (2005, Jun.). Case Studies in TRIZ: Flush'n'Go. The TRIZ Journal, Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2005/06/02.pdf
Mann, D. L. (2005, Dec.). Results of A Multi-Company Scale TRIZ Deployment In Hong Kong. The TRIZ Journal, Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2005/12/02.pdf
Mann, D. L. (2006, Sep.). Case Studies from a Breakthrough Innovation Product Design Program for Local Industries. The TRIZ Journal, Article 1. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2006/09/2006-09.pdf
Nakagawa, T. (2005, May). Overall Dataflow Structure for Creative Problem Solving TRIZ/USIT. The TRIZ Journal, Article 4. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2005/05/04.pdf
Nakagawa, T., Kosha, H., & Mihara, Y. (2002, Nov. 6-8). Reorganizing TRIZ Solution Generation Methods into Simple Five in USIT. Paper was presented in ETRIA World Conference: TRIZ Future 2002, 333-345.
Salton, G., & McGill, M. J. (1983). Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Salton, G., & Buckley, C. (1988). Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Information Processing & Management, 24(5), 513-523.
Sheu, D. (2007, Oct.). Body of Knowledge of Classical TRIZ and Relationships among Its Tools. The TRIZ Journal, Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2007/10/02/
Takahara, T. (2003, Nov.). How Function is Realized in Problem Solving. The TRIZ Journal, Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/2003/11/b/02.pdf
Umeda, Y., Takeda, H., Tomiyama, T., & Yoshikawa, H. (1990). Function, Behavior, and Structure. Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering V: Vol. 1: Design, 177–193.
Verhaegen, P.-A., D’hondt, J., Vertommen, J., Dewulf, S., & Duflou, J. R. (2009). Relating Properties and Functions from Patents to TRIZ Trends. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 1 (3), 126–130.

II. 中文參考書籍
許棟樑（2007）。系統性創新課程教材。
姜台林（譯）（2008）。Stan Kaplan著。TRIZ發明問題解決理論。台北市：宇河文化。
許棟樑（譯）（2010）。Darrell Mann著。萃智系統性創新上手。台北市:鼎茂圖書出版股份有限公司。