諾魯和其它太平洋國家自七○年代被指出島民的生計從傳統耕作、漁業轉向薪水經濟，飲食從健康的傳統作物轉為不健康的進口食物，導致肥胖和非傳染性疾病比例快速增加，這普遍影響許多國際發展組織和援助機構針對太平洋國家的干預計畫的前提和方向。諾魯因為冠於世界的糖尿病比例，以及獨特的非永續性磷礦經濟而受到重視，各國際組織以及澳洲、台灣的援助機構皆在此執行計畫，以推廣小型農業，改善飲食健康為短程目標，以及發展更具規模的農業做為國家永續多元化的產業為長程目標。本論文的目標之一是破除發展論述中關於「第三世界」的想像，以及它所產生的忽視事實的偏見。第二個目標是藉由人類學式的田野調查，從生計和生活模式、飲食習慣、以及人際分享關係這三個面向，去看此地農業生產和飲食改善計畫的實際脈絡。研究說明了諾魯人如何在變遷的歷史中持續經營他們的食物生活，也發現發展計畫對於當地的環境與文化條件缺乏足夠的重視與適應彈性，使得計畫的預期與當地社會沒有順利契合。發展機構必須選擇能夠適應諾魯環境條件的食物品種和生產方式，也應理解諾魯人的生計經營模式、食物和健康的價值觀，並納入計畫考量，才有可能發揮「計畫」的意義與作用。另外本文也發現諾魯人的人際關係和社會組織的性質，會影響計畫在地方上執行的情形和結果，未來值得放更多注意力在了解諾魯的地方社群如何組成、如何運作之上。

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報告書
Asia Development Bank
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