由於 LED 的出現，使手術燈有光源的新選擇。傳統手術燈之光源使用鎢鹵素燈，不但使得燈的體積大且發光效率低，除此之外尚有許多能量落於紅外線區段，造成病人與醫師在手術時處於高溫的環境裹；而LED 就無以上缺點，但目前單顆的LED流明數仍低於鎢鹵素燈，因此需使用多顆LED 陣列排列達成所需的光照形式及亮度。在手術進行中，會遇到不同的情況，因此需要有能改變焦距與照明範圍的手術燈來應付不同的狀況。為了達到前述之目的，本研究設計一能變焦之LED 手術燈，利用旋轉把手的方式，改變透鏡與LED 的相對位置，進而改變照明的焦距能力。本研究先設計適合的LED 排列方式，再使用Tailored Freeform Method 的方式設計改變焦距之透鏡的輪廓，並使用最佳化的方法，找出透鏡的最佳輪廓。而透鏡在不同情況下藉由模擬分析變焦時之光學特性，並且要符合訂定的規格及IEC-60601-2-41 的規範。

Conventional surgical operating lamp uses tungsten halogen lamp that results in surgical operating lamp with large volume, low luminous efficiency and high heat. LED doesn’t have the above disadvantages, but the illuminant of one LED’s is smaller than tungsten halogen lamp. So it needs many LEDs in one lamp to arrange array to reach requirement of the specification. Because surgeon operates that will meet different conditions, it needs a surgical operating lamp with abilities of adjustable focus and range of lighting. In order to accomplish the purposes, we design a surgical operating lamp with adjustable focus by rotating the handle to change the relative position between variable focus lens and LED.
We design the suitable LEDs arrangement. Then use Tailored freeform method to design variable focus lens contour, and find the best contour by optimization. Simulated optical properties of lens with different conditions, and the results have to conform to specification and IEC-60601-2-41.

[1] 黃孟嬌, 嬌 LI照明市場發展動向與挑戰,明市綠色能源產業研討會, 2009.
[2] 郭子菱, 呂紹旭, 陳婉如 且 何孟穎, 2009全球光電之應用產品市場展望, 光電科技工業協會, 2009.
[3] 拓墣產業研究所, LED技術與應用發展日趨多元化, 拓墣科技股份有限公司, 2009.
[4] S. Roberts, "LED Light Therapy," 2008. [Online]. Available: http://heelspurs.com/led.html.
[5] 陳連成, 成具有可調式光源以產生高斯分布之光域之手術燈”有可中華民國 專利: 200840971, 16 10 2008.
[6] 江春森, 森多光源無影手術燈”光源中華民國 專利: M397489, 1 2 2011.
[7] 于國弼, 林志偉, 劉忠益, 施宣豪 且 廖益平, 平醫療用燈具及其製法”療用中華民國 專利: I220446, 21 8 2004.
[8] 林琮議, 議多照射角度之發光二極體光源”照射中華民國 專利: I308200, 1 9 2009.
[9] STERIS, "Harmony® LED Surgical Lighting and Visualization System," [Online]. Available: http://www.steris.com/products/surgical-lights/harmony-led-surgical-lighting-and-visualization-system.
[10] D. Jesurun, A. J. Greszler, Y. Keselman, T. Drabinski and S. H. Rus, "Ergonomic controls in a surgical lighting system". United States Patent 2003210559A1, 25 2 2003.
[11] M. A. Smith and H. H. Frazier, "Stacked elliptical reflector for surgical light head". United States Patent 5971569, 11 6 1997.
[12] H. Ries and J. Muschaweck, "Tailored freeform optical surfaces," Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision/ Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 590-595, 3 2002.
[13] S. Kudaev and P. Schreiber, "Automated optimization of non-imaging optics for luminaries," Optical Design and Engineering II, pp. Proc. SPIE 5962, 59620B, 13 9 2005.
[14] "Ray tracing (graphics)," WIKIPEDIA, [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_tracing.
[15] "Snell's law," WIKIPEDIA, [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell%27s_law.
[16] “16] l's law," WIKIPEDIA, [Online]. AvaiOnline]. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LambertCosineLaw.svg.
[17] “17] ailable: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LambertCosineLaw.svg./Snell%27s_law._t
[18] H. Prautzsch, W. Boehm and M. Paluszny, B´ezier- and B-spline techniques, Springer, 2002.
[19] 林進堂, 自由曲面法於led準直透鏡之設計, 國立彰化師範大學碩士論文, 2009.
[20] Medical electrical equipment Part: Particular requirements for the safety of surgical luminaires and luminaires for diagnosis (IEC-60601-2-41: 2000), I. E. Commission, 2005.
[21] 劉凡毅, LED可變焦手術燈之光學設計與分析, 國立清華大學碩士論文, 2011.