Investigation of Spectrometer-free Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors based on Prism Couplers

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研究生：	張馨云 Hsin-Yun Chang
論文名稱：	Investigation of Spectrometer-free Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors based on Prism Couplers 肉眼辨識稜鏡式電漿共振生物感測器之研究
指導教授：	嚴大任 Ta-Jen Yeh
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2008
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	98
中文關鍵詞：	表面電漿共振生物感測器
外文關鍵詞：	Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor enables a compelling biodetection method which is characterized by label-free detection, small sample volume required, and high sensitivity. There are four configurations of prism coupler-based SPR sensors: angular interrogation, wavelength interrogation, intensity measurement, and phase interrogation. Among the four configurations, wavelength interrogation shows outstanding sensing ability comparing with other configurations. In addition, wavelength interrogation possesses a further advantage of showing the variation in resonance wavelength that has the potential to be easily distinguished by naked eyes, rather than assisted by expensive spectrometers.
Our goal of this thesis is to further promote the sensitivity of wavelength interrogation to achieve naked eyes detections. For naked eyes observations, we consider not only the sensitivity of the system but also the sensibility of human eyes. For this reason, we conscientiously discussed the optimized thickness of metal films and the specific incident angle for detecting water solutions, the maximum content in most organisms, to reach the goal of naked eyes observations.
We used white light LED as our light source, having the following advantages, cheap, longer lifespan than traditional filament light bulb, and no overheating problem. We first demonstrated the performance of gold film detections, and observed that 43nm of gold film with 3nm of titanium adhesion layer at 62º has the best performance for detecting water solutions among other experimental parameters. Further, we displayed that silver film performs higher sensitivity than gold film. However, silver film has poor biocompatibility and extremely oxidation and sulfidation problems. Therefore, we refined our system to bilayer structure and verified that 35nm silver film plus 5nm gold film with 3nm titanium adhesion layer at 57º owns the promoted sensitivity for water solutions detection and still remains biocompatibility.
In addition, we applied the aforementioned innovative properties of SPR biosensors to investigate the binding interaction of biomolucules. A couple of high affinity biomolecules, biotin and streptavidin, were adopted to examine the functions of the home-made SPR biosensor and proved that our system can perform as biospecific binding SPR biosensors.
Currently, we utilize our system for further biomedical applications, such as drug developments, bacteria drug resistance detections, etc. We also modify our system to a portable device and improve the sensitivity for the next generation of SPR systems.

Table of Contents.....................................    i
List of Figures.......................................    iv
List of Tables........................................    viii
Acknowledgements......................................    x
Abstract of the Thesis................................    xi
Chapter 1 Introduction................................    1
1 Introduction......................................    1
2 Research Motivation...............................    2
3 Thesis Organization...............................    4
Chapter 2 Literature Review............................5
1 Introduction of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors.    6
2 Surface Plasmon Resonance theory    ...................8
2.1 Plasma Theory...................................    8
2.2 Electromagnetic Theory of Surface Plasmon Resonance.............................................    9
3 Surface Plasmon Resonace Sensors..................    13
3.1 Classification of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Couplers....................................     13
3.2 Classification of Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Measurement Methods...........................17
4 Fresnel Thin-Film Model and Refractive Index Models................................................    20
4.1 Fresnel Thin-Film Model.........................    20
4.2 Refractive Index Models.........................    23
Chapter 3 Methods and Experiments.....................    26
1 Reagents and Materials............................    26
2 Experimental Setup and System Construction........    27
2.1 System Components and Setup.....................    27
2.2 Sensor Chip Installation, and Referencing.......    34
3 Matlab Simulations................................    36
4 Metal Films Preparation and Reuse of Sensor Chips.    36
4.1 Metal Films Preparation.........................    36
4.2 Reuse of the Sensor Chips (SF11)................    38
5 SPR Measurements..................................    39
5.1 Detections of Different Concentration of Glucose Solutions    ..............................................39
5.2 Metal Films Derivitization and Protein Conjugation...........................................    39
6 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM).....................    41
7 Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX)........    42
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion......................    43
1 Gold Film.........................................    45
1.1 Optimized Gold Film Thickness...................    45
1.2 Influence of Incident Angles....................    58
2 Silver Film and Bimetallic Film...................    64
2.1 Silver Film.....................................    64
2.2 Bimetallic Film.................................    68
3 SPR biosensor-Spectrometer Free Detection for Biomolocular..........................................    84
Chapter 5 Conclusions.................................    88
Chapter 6 Future Work.................................    89
1 Sensitivity Improvement    ............................89
2 Develop Portable SPR Sensors......................    89
3 Exploit Other SPR Applications....................    89
References............................................    90
Appendix A............................................    95
A.1 Matlab simulation code for four layers system.....    95
A.2 Matlab simulation code for five layers system.....    97

                                

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