下背部3D 生物力學評估系統建立與資訊視覺化

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研究生：	張書豪
論文名稱：	下背部3D 生物力學評估系統建立與資訊視覺化
指導教授：	王茂駿
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 工業工程與工程管理學系 Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	66
中文關鍵詞：	3D生物力學模型、下背痛、數位人體模型、資訊視覺化
外文關鍵詞：	3D biomechanical model, low back pain, digital human model, information visualization
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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不良的搬遲姿勢與不當的工作時間，往往是造成下背傷害的主要原因。目前在下背傷害的分析方法中，最為普遍的即為腰椎之生物力學分析。利用生物力學模型輸入相關參數，即可得知某一姿勢下腰椎椎間盤的受力情形，進而評估其可能的風險。
本研究建立了國人下背部3D 生物力學模型，引用最新的椎間盤轉動理論，並結合動作擷取系統，應用數學軟體開發出「下背部3D 生物力學評估系統（BES）」。系統可自動讀取動作擷取後產生的資訊，進行3D 生物力學運算並分析出每一個動作影格的生物力學數值，最後再以圖表或表單的方式呈現評估後的資訊，方便使用者進行檢視。
其次，利用動畫軟體開發「資訊視覺化模組（IVM）」。此模組可將評估後之生物力學資訊呈現於模組介面，並以視覺化的方式將評估結果呈現於數位人體模型。模組架構於3D 動畫軟體平台，系統操作者可透過模組同步進行生物力學資訊的檢視及控制數位人體模型的動作呈現，並可自由的平移、縮放與旋轉虛擬場景，進行各個不同視角的檢視。
透過本研究所開發的系統模組，以客觀的數據並結合資訊視覺化的呈現方式，將可提供系統操作者一個詳細且易於檢視的的生物力學評估資訊，進而協助其進行工作站或人員動作的評估，快速發掘問題所在，並進一步對可能的原因給予建議與改善。

中文摘要.............................................................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.............................................................................................Ⅱ
目錄.....................................................................................................Ⅲ
圖目錄.................................................................................................Ⅴ
表目錄.................................................................................................Ⅶ
第一章 緒論.........................................................................................1
1-1 研究背景.......................................................................................................1
1-2 研究動機.......................................................................................................2
1-3 研究目的.......................................................................................................3
第二章 文獻探討.................................................................................4
2-1 下背痛的成因...............................................................................................4
2-2 腰椎組織結構...............................................................................................7
2-2-1 脊椎關節...............................................................................................7
2-2-2 L5/S1 椎間盤........................................................................................8
2-2-3 椎間盤轉動角度.................................................................................10
2-2-4 肌肉組織.............................................................................................11
2-3 生物力學模型演進....................................................................................12
2-3-1 2D 生物力學模型...............................................................................12
2-3-2 3D 生物力學模型...............................................................................14
2-3-3 動態生物力學模型............................................................................17
2-4 數位人體模型.............................................................................................20
IV
第三章 研究方法...............................................................................22
3-1 研究流程.....................................................................................................22
3-2 實驗設備.....................................................................................................24
3-3 下背部3D 生物力學評估系統（BES）建立.........................................27
3-4-1 生物力學外力模型建構....................................................................28
3-4-2 生物力學內力模型建構....................................................................33
3-4-3 BES 使用者介面開發........................................................................35
3-4 3D 生物力學模型驗證..............................................................................37
3-5 資訊視覺化模組（IVM）開發................................................................42
第四章 研究成果...............................................................................47
4-1 BES 介面環境............................................................................................47
4-2 IVM 介面環境............................................................................................51
第五章 討論.......................................................................................54
5-1 研究假設與誤差.........................................................................................54
5-1-1 研究假設.............................................................................................54
5-1-2 研究誤差.............................................................................................55
5-2 研究限制與後續發展................................................................................55
5-2-1 研究限制.............................................................................................55
5-2-2 研究後續發展.....................................................................................56
第六章 結論.......................................................................................57
參考文獻.............................................................................................59

                                

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