研究生: |
陳佳玉 Chen, Chia-Yu |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
從生態系統理論之觀點探討大學融合教育現況:以兩位中度心智障礙大學畢業生為例 Discussion on the Status of Inclusive Education in Universities from the Perspectives of Ecological Systems Theory-- The Example of Two College Graduates with Moderate Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities |
指導教授: |
謝協君
Hsieh, Hsieh-Chun |
口試委員: |
李翠玲
Lee, Tsuey-Ling 李安明 Li, An-Min |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
竹師教育學院 - 特殊教育學系 Special Education |
論文出版年: | 2025 |
畢業學年度: | 113 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 235 |
中文關鍵詞: | 中度心智障礙大學生 、融合教育 、學習歷程 、生態系統理論 |
外文關鍵詞: | College Students with Moderate Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities,, Inclusive Education, Learning Experience Process, Ecological Systems Theory |
相關次數: | 點閱:1 下載:0 |
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本研究旨在探討兩位特殊學校中度心智障礙畢業生完成大學融合教育的學習經驗、收穫與適應歷程。研究者使用質性研究個案設計、立意取樣方式,以半結構式深度訪談蒐集受訪資料。本研究訪談對象包含個案及家長、高職導師、大學授課教師、學伴、室友以及資源教室輔導員共計16位,從中探討個案升學因素、家長在此過程中所扮演的角色,以及校園內重要他人在融合教育中提供的支持、與之互動的經驗與感受。本研究經過資料整理與分析程序後,歸納結論如下:
一、兩位個案因懷抱夢想引起強烈升學動機,兩位個案家長希望孩子透過升學持續進步、提升社會適應能力。
二、兩位個案在自身付出努力及重要他人支持協助下完成大學融合教育;而兩位個案共同的大學收穫是學到專業知識、表達能力進步、提升自主性,個別收穫則是珍珍交到好朋友、小寒習得社會化。
三、兩位家長透過陪讀全力協助及引導孩子學業學習和人際互動。
四、同儕及師長們肯定融合理念、認同兩位個案的能力。
根據研究結論,研究者提出具體建議如下:
一、對相關人員和單位之建議
(一) 中度心智障礙學生家長全力支持孩子學習時宜留意協助介入程度
(二) 對教師協助中度心智障礙學生適應大學融合教育的建議
1. 高職特教班教師面對有意升學之特教生可加強學業能力並提供升學輔導
2. 大學教師營造友善課堂氛圍、協助特殊生分組問題
3. 大學教師仍需加強合理調整與通用學習設計之概念
4. 大學教師面對特殊生宜設立稍高期待的學習目標
(三) 對全國各區特教中心與各大專校院資源教室肩負大學融合教育成效之建議
1. 校方辦理新生入學宣導時納入特殊教育理念
2. 學伴的支持服務予以分工並核實給薪
3. 各區特教中心宜共同制訂身心障礙學生大學適應檢核表予各大專校院輔導員定期檢視身障生適應歷程以提供最適切的支持服務
(四) 對大專校院無障礙環境設施之建議
1. 在特定場域標示禮讓行動不便者
2. 使用通用設計概念改造教室並預留特殊需求空間
(五) 對主管教育行政機關大學融合教育的建議
1. 主管教育行政機關應提供大學教師合理調整與通用學習設計各式範例參酌及辦理相關知能培訓課程
2. 高等教育宜提供多元學制與課程給予心智障礙學生繼續學習成長
二、未來研究方向之建議
(一) 延伸本研究個案之轉銜歷程
(二) 以質性與量化混合研究設計擴展本研究
(三) 從生態系統理論觀點的微系統視角探討以下議題:
1. 微系統內個案與其重要他人相互影響力
2. 微系統間個案的重要他人彼此間的交互作用
This study aims to investigate the learning experiences, gains, and adaptations of two students with moderate intellectual and developmental who had completed university-inclusive education. The researcher used a qualitative case study design, purposive sampling, and semi-structured in-depth interviews to collect data. A total of 16 respondents were interviewed, including cases, parents, teachers, classmates, roommates, and resource classroom counselors. The study examined the factors that influence the individual to continue their studies, the roles played by parents, and the experiences and feelings of significant others on campus who supported and interacted with the students in the inclusive education process. After the data compilation and analysis procedures, the study is summarized as follows:
I. Both cases were motivated by their dreams of pursuing higher education, and their parents hoped that their children would continue to make progress and improve their social adaptability through further education.
II. Both cases completed their university inclusive education with their own efforts and the support of significant others. The common gains of both cases in university were professional knowledge, improved expression, and increased autonomy, while the individual gains were that Zhenzhen made good friends, and Xiaohan learned to be socialized.
III. Parents of both cases fully assisted and guided their children's academic learning and interpersonal interactions by accompanying their children to school.
IV. Peers and teachers affirmed the inclusive concept and recognized the ability of the two cases.
Based on the conclusions of the study, the researcher makes the following specific recommendations:
I. Suggestions for relevant personnel and organizations
(I) Parents of students with moderate intellectual and developmental disabilities should pay attention to the level of intervention when fully supporting their children's learning.
(II) Recommendations for teachers to help students with moderate intellectual and developmental disabilities to adapt to inclusive education in universities.
A. Teachers of high school special education classes can strengthen the academic ability of students with special needs who intend to go on to higher education and provide them with counseling for higher education.
B. University teachers should create a friendly classroom atmosphere and assist students with special needs in grouping.
C. University teachers need to strengthen the concepts of reasonable adjustments and universal design for learning.
D. University teachers should set higher expectations for students with special needs.
(III) Suggestions for the special education centers and the counselors of resource classroom about the effectiveness of inclusive education in universities.
A. University should incorporate the concept of special education into the orientation program for new students.
B. The support services of the study partners are divided and the salary is verified.
C. Special education centers in various districts should jointly develop a college adaptation checklist for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities and provide it to college counselors to regularly review their adaptation process in order to provide the most appropriate support services.
(IV) Suggestions on barrier-free environment facilities in colleges and universities.
A. Labeling specific areas as a courtesy for the mobility-impaired.
B. Adaptation of classrooms using universal design concepts and reserving space for special needs.
(V) Suggestions to the competent educational administration authorities on inclusive education in universities.
A. The competent educational administration should provide university teachers with reasonable adjustments and various examples of universal design for learning for reference and organize related knowledge training courses.
B. Higher education should provide a variety of curriculum and courses to enable students with intellectual and developmental disabilities to continue learning and growing.
II. Suggestions for future research directions
(I) Extend the transition process of the cases under study.
(II) Expanding this study with a mixed qualitative and quantitative research design.
(III) The following issues are explored from the microsystems perspective of the ecosystems theory point of view:
A. The mutual influence between the case and his/her significant others within the microsystem.
B. Interactions between significant others of the case in the microsystems.
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