由於環境保護的需求日益迫切，各領域尖端的研究者早已投入節能減碳以及相關的研究議題，在產品設計領域許多學者致力於所謂的環保設計(Design for Environment ,DfE)，嘗試使用更環保更節能的材料、設計、與組裝方法降低產品對環境造成的衝擊。然而，如果只考慮產品的材料、設計、與組裝方法，卻不同時考慮生產產品的供應鏈上因為運輸與生產條件對環境造成的影響，可能發生光看產品的材料、設計、與組裝方法極具環保概念，但是生產這個設計所需的供應鏈卻不能達到環保綠色水準，導致環保設計事倍功半甚至適得其反。本論文提出一套結合產品設計與供應鏈管理的系統架構。首先藉由電腦輔助設計產生一組設計，系統將由資料庫選取有能力生產該設計的零件供應商與組裝廠並自動建構成他們所組成的供應鏈，利用動態規劃(Dynamic Programming ,DP)同步找出該組設計所對應的最佳供應鏈，以及該供應鏈對環境造成的衝擊，由此可以評估這個設計在產品設計階段與供應鏈生產階段對環境造成的總影響。並且經由基因演算法(Genetic Algorithm ,GA)搜尋各種不同的設計以找出在滿足碳排放量限制的前提下成本最小的設計。本論文利用生命週期評估(Life Cycle Assessment ,LCA)法來評估材料、製造、與運輸過程產生的碳排放量。最後根據電腦椅的真實數據為案例分析三種不同碳排放量限制下的產品設計與供應鏈架構差異。

As the increasingly urgent demand for environmental protection, the researchers from various fields have already invested carbon footprint reduction and related research topics. Many scholars study in the field of product design to make efforts in Design for Environment (DfE), try to use more environmental and energy-efficient materials, designs, and assembly methods to reduce the impact on the environment. However, considering the product materials, designs, and assembly methods without the environmental impact from the transportation and production conditions by production supply chain may cause the product materials, designs, and assembly methods seems environmental, but the production of this design is not required for the supply chain to achieve green environmental protection standards. This paper presents a system architecture that combines the product design and supply chain management. First, designer produces a set of design by computer-aided design system selecting the components suppliers and assembly plant that capable to produce the design from the database system to build the supply chain composition of their component automatically. Designer utilizes Dynamic Programming (DP) to synchronously identify the best supply chain set and the environmental impact on this supply chain which can evaluate the total environmental impact on the product design phase and the supply chain phase. Also find a variety of designs by the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to search for the minimum cost design under the premise of carbon emissions limitations. This study evaluates the carbon emissions from materials, manufacturing, and transport by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Finally analysis the differences between the products design and supply chain structure under three different carbon emissions limitations according to the real data from the computer chair.

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