金屬奈米粒子在特定波長的光照射下，粒子會吸收某波段光，吸收波段會隨奈米粒子的幾何形狀、大小尺寸、環境介電常數的影響而不同，奈米粒子在光波照射下，內部會產生感應電場，此電場的行為可用偶極矩(dipole)來表示，且金屬奈米粒子彼此的距離夠近的話，粒子間彼此會有電漿子耦合(plasmon coupling)的現象，此耦合現象可由吸收光波段的紅移(red shift)發現，且紅移的程度隨著距離越近而提高。此論文以此現象為基礎，在玻璃基板上吸附奈米金顆粒，由不同密度、大小的金顆粒來觀察其吸收光譜，為了在玻璃基板上吸附高密度的奈米金顆粒，本論文使用了三種方法：(一)、使用自組裝分子膜在基板表面或奈米金顆粒表面。(二)、吸附金顆粒時外加電場。(三)、改變金顆粒溶液的離子濃度或金粒子濃度。
本論文發現為了在基板表面有高密度的奈米金顆粒，利用奈米金顆粒在水溶液中帶負電的特性，用上述的方式控制電性吸附的條件。自組裝分子膜可以在樣品表面鍵結一層可以吸引奈米金顆粒的官能基，使得奈米金顆粒可以大量吸附在樣品上。外加電場是把金顆粒推向基板表面，讓金顆粒可以在短時間之內達到最大吸附量。而離子濃度的改變，會改變奈米金顆粒在水溶液中彼此的平均距離，在基板上的平均距離也可以縮小的話，也可以在樣品上吸附出高密度的奈米金顆粒。

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