二維度垂直梳狀致動微鏡面之設計與控制及光鉗系統之整合

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研究生：	蔡宗展 Tsung-Chan Tsai
論文名稱：	二維度垂直梳狀致動微鏡面之設計與控制及光鉗系統之整合 Design and Control of Two-Dimensional Vertical Comb-Drive Micromirrors in an Optical-Tweezers System
指導教授：	陳榮順 Rongshun Chen
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 動力機械工程學系 Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	86
中文關鍵詞：	光鉗、二維度、垂直梳狀致動微鏡面、CMOS 、適應性控制、滑動控制、非線性控制
外文關鍵詞：	optical-tweezers, two-dimensional (2-D), vertical comb-drive micromirror, CMOS, adaptive control, sliding control, nonlinear control
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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為整合一套以微鏡面為基礎的即時（real-time）光鉗操控系統，本論文設計了一新型的二維度八面形角度式垂直梳狀致動（angular vertical comb-drive，簡稱AVC）微鏡面，並且利用CMOS-MEMS製程配合後處理來製作元件。此種以CMOS-MEMS為基礎的二維度微鏡面具備以下的優點：低成本、高填充係數（fill factor）以及可與讀取及感測電路整合的能力。理論分析顯示，這種新型微鏡面相較於傳統方形之交錯式垂直梳狀致動（staggered vertical comb-drive，簡稱SVC）微鏡面能達到較大之機械轉角，其鏡面與平衡環部分分別可達±2.1°以及±1.8°之轉角。
本論文亦設計了一種結合適應性控制（adaptive control）與滑動控制（sliding control）的非線性控制器來解決垂直梳狀致動微鏡面的非線性扭矩特性以及系統參數不確定性的問題。模擬結果顯示，利用此種控制器可使微鏡面的狀態軌跡，以0.001°的循軌誤差在0.01秒以內收斂到一頻率為10赫茲之正弦波目標軌跡。
最後，本研究所提出的垂直梳狀致動微鏡面以及非線性控制器將被應用於該光鉗操控系統之中，配合所設計的影像處理介面程式來判斷細胞的所在位置，進一步地利用光鉗進行快速並準確的細胞取放與排列。

In this thesis, a novel CMOS two-dimensional (2-D) octagonal angular vertical comb-drive (AVC) micromirror is designed and fabricated for the application in a micromirror-based optical-tweezers system. The CMOS 2-D micromirror has the advantages of low cost, high fill factor, and capability of integration with readout circuit. According to the analysis, the proposed mirror has larger rotation angles, compared to the conventional rectangular staggered vertical comb-drive (SVC) micromirror. Rotation angles of ±2.1° and ±1.8° with respect to the mirror- and gimbal- axis can be achieved in this AVC octagonal 2-D micromirror.
In addition, the controller, combining adaptive control and sliding control, is designed to compensate the nonlinear torque and the parametric uncertainties of the vertical comb-drive micromirror. The numerical simulation results show that the micromirror can follow the desired trajectory of 10-Hz sinusoid with tracking error of less than 0.001° in 0.01 seconds.
Finally, an image processing interface is realized for cell recognition. The proposed micromirror, the nonlinear controller and the designed interface are integrated into the optical-tweezers system in application of cell manipulation and tissue construction.

中文摘要    i
Abstract    ii
Acknowledgements    iii
Table of Contents    iv
List of Figures    vi
List of Tables    x
Chapter 1 Introduction    1
1 Background and Motivation    1
2 Literatures Review    5
3 Contents of This Thesis    9
Chapter 2 Design of CMOS-MEMS 2-D Vertical Comb-Drive Micromirror    10
1 Micromirror Design    10
1.1 Design Concept    10
1.2 Novel Octagonal AVC Micromirror    12
1.2 Other Designs for Comparison    16
1.3 Specification of Proposed 2-D Micromirrors    17
2 Operation Principle of Vertical Comb-Drive Micromirror    20
2.1 Vertical Comb-Drive Actuators    20
2.2 Theoretical Model of Vertical Comb-Drive Micromirror    21
Chapter 3 Analysis of CMOS-MEMS 2-D Vertical Comb-Drive Micromirror    24
1 Theoretical Analysis for Mechanical Rotation Angle    24
1.1 Hybrid Model    24
1.2 Calculated Rotation Angles of Proposed Micromirrors    26
1.3 Effect of Dielectric Layers    37
2 Simulation of Proposed Micromirrors    40
2.1 Curled-Hinge of AVC Micromirror    40
2.2 DC Characteristics    41
2.3 Dynamic Characteristics    43
Chapter 4 Design of Nonlinear Controller    44
1 System Nonlinearity and Uncertainty    44
2 Adaptive and Sliding Control    45
3 Simulation Results    50
3.1 Simulation Model and Open-Loop Performance    50
3.2 System with Nonlinear Controller    53
Chapter 5 Results and Discussions    63
1 Micromirrors Fabrication    63
1.1 Fabrication Processes    63
1.2 Fabrication Results    66
2 Nonlinear Control System    70
3 Integration of Optical-Tweezers System    75
Chapter 6 Conclusions and Future Works    81
1 Conclusions    81
2 Future Works    82
References    84

                                

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