以小分子材料旋塗製備高效率有機發光二極體

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研究生：	徐茂峰 Hsu, Mao-Feng
論文名稱：	以小分子材料旋塗製備高效率有機發光二極體 High-efficiency Molecule-based Organic Light-emitting Diodes Via Solution Process
指導教授：	周卓煇 Jou, Jwo-Huei
口試委員:
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	95
中文關鍵詞：	有機發光二極體、高效率、濕式製備
外文關鍵詞：	Organic Light Emitting Diodes, High Efficiency, Solution Process
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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本研究以小分子磷光材料，利用旋塗製程，製作一系列具單一發光層之有機電致發光二極體(Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED)，所製備之元件可分為兩部分探討。
第一部分：將一新穎奈米點摻混入電洞傳輸層，以大幅增加白光磷光OLED元件之效率；其中，奈米點為聚矽酸(polysilicic acid；PSA)，電洞傳輸層為poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxy- thiophene)-poly- (styrenesulfonate)；而奈米點摻混的濃度與粒徑大小，對於元件效率有深遠的影響，當奈米點粒徑為8 nm，摻混濃度為14 wt %時，所得純白光元件，亮度在100 cd/m2時，發光效率從6.8 lm/W提升至23.7 lm/W，增加350%；元件效率之提昇，可歸因於奈米點可有效調整電洞進入發光層之數量，造成載子注入平衡。
第二部分：合成出新穎綠色磷光銥金屬錯合物bis[5-methyl-7-trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5)naphthyridin-6-one]iridium(picolinate)（CF3BNO），此錯合物具備短激態生命期(excited-state lifetime, 0.30 μs)及高量子產率(quantum yield, 95%)；以此CF3BNO染料搭配主體材料4,4’-bis(9-carbazolyl)biphenyl，以製備綠光OLED元件時，其能量效率，在100 cd/m2下，達89.1cd/A (69.8 lm/W)，Commission internationale de l'éclairage 1931色座標為（0.22, 0.51）；除了此磷光材料擁有優異磷光特性外，此元件之高效率，也可歸因於適當的元件製程與結構能階設計，讓電子傾向直接注入到主體材料上，使電子電洞在主體上進行再結合，形成激子；再藉由能量傳遞的方式，傳導到客體CF3BNO；因此，避免過多激子在客體形成，而造成淬熄現象。

摘要.………….……………………………………………………..I
獻…..………………………………………………………………III
誌謝..……………………………………………………………………IV
目錄…..…………………………………………………………………VI
表目錄.……………….…………………………….……………………X
圖目錄.……….……………………………………………………....XI
壹、    緒論..…………………………………………………..…1
貳、    文獻回顧..……………………………………………….3
2-1、有機發光二極體的歷史發展…………………....…….…...3
2-2、發光原理……………………………………………………...9
2-3、有機發光材料……………..………………………………….16
2-4、高效率有機發光二極體元件之發展.......................21
2-4-1、奈米點/量子點製備高效率OLEDs/PLEDs元件……...21
2-4-2、客體發光材料開發………………………………….......25
2-4-3、電洞/電子傳輸材料開發………………………….......27
2-4-4、元件結構設計……………………………………….......28
2-5、有機電致發光元件之壽命機制……….……………………..30

參、    實驗方法..………………………………………………33
3-1、材料……..…..…………………………………….………….33
3-2、奈米點與新穎磷光綠光材料之合成……..…..…………….36
3-2-1、奈米點之合成機制……..……..……………………….36
3-2-2、CF3BNO之合成…………..……..…………………….37
3-2-3、BNO之合成……………..……..……………………….38
3-3、材料性質量測.…..…………………………………………...39
3-3-1、奈米點粒徑與表面電位量測………………………….39
3-3-2、新穎磷光綠光材料物性量測………………………….41
3-4、元件設計及製備…………………………………………….46
3-4-1、元件之製作流程及電路設計………………………….46
3-4-2、基材清洗……………...………………………..……….48
3-4-3、主體與發光染料溶液之配製……………...…..……….48
3-4-4、旋轉塗佈…………………………………...…..……….49
3-4-5、蒸鍍裝置…………………………………...…..……….50
3-4-6、負電極的製備……………………………...…..……….51
3-4-7、蒸鍍速率之測定與校正………………………..……….51
3-5、元件電流、電壓與亮度特性量測.….……………………....52
3-6、發光效率之計算..……………………………………………54
3-7、元件壽命之量測…….....………….……………………....54
肆、    結果與討論…………………………………..…………55
4-1、奈米點強化白光OLED元件…….….…..…..….….….……55
4-1-1、元件結構及鍍膜參數…………………………..……….55
4-1-2、奈米點之粒徑分析…...…………………………………56
4-1-3、奈米點強化元件發光特性…...…………………………57
4-1-4、奈米點摻混電洞傳輸層對電洞注入機制探討…….…..60
4-1-5、奈米點粒徑對元件效率之影響….….…………………63
4-1-6、奈米點對白光元件覆合區之影響…….……….……….63
4-1-7、奈米點對白光元件壽命之影響…….…….…………….66
4-2、高效率磷光綠光有機發光二極體…………………………...67
4-2-1、新穎綠磷光材料之物理性質………………………….67
4-2-2、元件結構及鍍膜參數……………..…………………….69
4-2-3、綠磷光染料以旋塗製程對元件光電特性之影響……...70
4-2-4、材料特性對元件效率之影響………..………………….72
4-2-5、能階結構對效率之影響………..……………………….73
4-2-6、製程對元件效率之影響……………..………………….74
4-2-7、綠磷光染料以旋塗製程對元件壽命之影響………….79
伍、結論………………………………………………….…………..80
陸、參考資料………………………………………………………….82
柒、附件………………………………………………………….90

                                

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