為了解人類大腦的運作，科學家們先以較簡單的大腦進行研究，其中一種方式是使用果蠅進行研究，透過果蠅的行為觀察加上生物技術的幫忙來了解大腦的運作。但現今果蠅的行為實驗平台，每次所進行的實驗數目有限，需耗費大量人力，因此並無法有效率的得到大量實驗數據，且這些設備多半僅適用單一果蠅行為實驗，無法有效的廣泛應用在不同的行為實驗中。為此本研究希望以微機電(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System, MEMS)技術之元件整合與批量化製造的優點，開發出多功能果蠅行為研究晶片。透過製程整合希望能符合多數實驗的需求，以批量化方式製造實現大規模進行實驗的可能。
　　本研究利用MEMS技術，將懲罰果蠅所需要用的懲罰器，與感測果蠅行為的位置感測器，透過製程整合以實現多功能果蠅行為研究晶片，並自外部整合懲罰器切換系統以進行懲罰器空間分佈的調控。本研究在此成功以批量化製造的製程實現多功能果蠅行為研究晶片，該晶片懲罰器的部分可成功的針對懲罰位置的分佈進行控制並懲罰到果蠅；位置感測元件也可成功的感測到果蠅所在的位置。未來還可再透過外部整合，將感測電路與控制系統等裝置進行整合，以完成多功能果蠅行為研究晶片系統。

　　For a long long time ago, scientists want to know how the brain works. One of the ways is using the easier brain - Drosophila brain and new biological technology to study. Recently, most of Drosophila behavior studying equipments has low throughput and needs lots of manpower to support large amount of research. Those machines were set for a single behavior experiment. Therefore, it’s not applicable to get enormous data and the machine can’t be used on other behavior experiments. This study intends to find a way to address those problems.
　　Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technology is a batch process and can integrate different components in one chip. With this technology we can integrate punishers, which have a purpose for teaching Drosophila, and position sensors and for monitoring the behavior of Drosophila, into a multi-function behavior chip. The punish area can be altered by connecting it with switch system. In the end, we successfully finished the multi-function Drosophila behavior chip by MEMS batch process. The punisher can deliver electric shocks (punish) to stimulate Drosophila, and position sensor can sense the position of Drosophila successfully. We also can define the punisher pattern on the chip by connecting with switch system.
　　In the future, the behavior chip can be integrated with control system, capacitance sensing IC and other components to be a multi-function behavior chip system.

[1] H.-H. Lin, J. S.-Y. Lai, A.-L. Chin, Y.-C. Chen, and A.-S. Chiang,” A Map of Olfactory Representation in the Drosophila Mushroom Body”, Cell, vol. 128, 2007, pp. 1205-1217.
[2] T. Pai and A. Chiang, "果蠅學習訓練與記憶測試機," 科儀新知, 2005, pp. 60-66.
[3] J. Dubnau, A. Chiang, L. Grady, J. Barditch, S. Gossweiler, J. McNeil, P. Smith, F. Buldoc, R. Scott, U. Certa, and others, "The staufen/pumilio pathway is involved in Drosophila long-term memory," Current Biology, vol. 13, 2003, p. 286–296.
[4] Y. Wang, A. Mamiya, A. Chiang, and Y. Zhong, "Imaging of an early memory trace in the Drosophila mushroom body.," The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, vol. 28, 2008, pp. 4368-76.
[5] Y. Wang, A. Chiang, S. Xia, T. Kitamoto, T. Tully, and Y. Zhong, "Blockade of Neurotransmission in Drosophila Mushroom Bodies Impairs Odor Attraction, but Not Repulsion," Current Biology, vol. 13, 2003, pp. 1900-1904.
[6] S.A. Budick, M.B. Reiser, and M.H. Dickinson, "The role of visual and mechanosensory cues in structuring forward flight in Drosophila melanogaster.," The Journal of experimental biology, vol. 210, 2007, pp. 4092-103.
[7] D.M. Chow and M.a. Frye, "Context-dependent olfactory enhancement of optomotor flight control in Drosophila.," The Journal of experimental biology, vol. 211, 2008, pp. 2478-85.
[8] B.J. Duistermars, M.B. Reiser, Y. Zhu, and M.a. Frye, "Dynamic properties of large-field and small-field optomotor flight responses in Drosophila.," Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, vol. 193, 2007, pp. 787-99.
[9] B.J. Duistermars, D.M. Chow, and M.a. Frye, "Flies require bilateral sensory input to track odor gradients in flight.," Current biology : CB, vol. 19, 2009, pp. 1301-7.
[10] R. Strauss and J. Pichler, "Persistence of orientation toward a temporarily invisible landmark in Drosophila melanogaster.," Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, vol. 182, 1998, pp. 411-23.
[11] R. Strauss, S. Schuster, and K.G. Götz, "Processing of artificial visual feedback in the walking fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.," The Journal of experimental biology, vol. 200, 1997, pp. 1281-96.
[12] K. Neuser, T. Triphan, M. Mronz, B. Poeck, and R. Strauss, "Analysis of a spatial orientation memory in Drosophila.," Nature, vol. 453, 2008, pp. 1244-7.
[13] P.J. Shaw, "Correlates of Sleep and Waking in Drosophila melanogaster," Science, vol. 287, 2000, pp. 1834-1837.
[14] P.J. Shaw, G. Tononi, R.J. Greenspan, and D.F. Robinson, "Stress response genes protect against lethal effects of sleep deprivation in Drosophila.," Nature, vol. 417, 2002, pp. 287-91.
[15] J.C. Hendricks, S.M. Finn, K.a. Panckeri, J. Chavkin, J.a. Williams, a. Sehgal, and a.I. Pack, "Rest in Drosophila is a sleep-like state.," Neuron, vol. 25, 2000, pp. 129-38.
[16] H. Dankert, L. Wang, E. Hoopfer, D. Anderson, and P. Perona, "Automated monitoring and analysis of social behavior in Drosophila," Nature methods, vol. 6, 2009, p. 297.
[17] K. Branson, A.A. Robie, J. Bender, P. Perona, and M.H. Dickinson, "High-throughput ethomics in large groups of Drosophila.," Nature methods, vol. 6, 2009, pp. 451-7.
[18] A. Claridge-Chang, R.D. Roorda, E. Vrontou, L. Sjulson, H. Li, J. Hirsh, and G. Miesenböck, "Writing memories with light-addressable reinforcement circuitry.," Cell, vol. 139, 2009, pp. 405-15.
[19] Aktogen, Inc., http://www.aktogen.co.uk/.
[20] Noldus, Inc. , http://www.noldus.com/
[21] Viewpoint Life Sciences, Inc., http://www.vplsi.com/
[22] TriKinetics Inc., http://www.trikinetics.com/
[23] F. Zhang, A.M. Aravanis, A. Adamantidis, L. de Lecea, and K. Deisseroth, "Circuit-breakers: optical technologies for probing neural signals and systems.," Nature reviews. Neuroscience, vol. 8, 2007, pp. 577-81.
[24] G.S. Suh, S. Ben-Tabou De Leon, H. Tanimoto, A. Fiala, S. Benzer, and D.J. Anderson, "Light activation of an innate olfactory avoidance response in Drosophila.," Current biology : CB, vol. 17, 2007, pp. 905-8.
[25] S. Lima and G. Miesenböck, "Remote control of behavior through genetically targeted photostimulation of neurons," Cell, vol. 121, 2005, p. 141–152.
[26] J.B. Phillips and O. Sayeed, "Wavelength-dependent effects of light on magnetic compass orientation in Drosophila melanogaster.," Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, vol. 172, 1993, pp. 303-8.
[27] R.J. Gegear, A. Casselman, S. Waddell, and S.M. Reppert, "Cryptochrome mediates light-dependent magnetosensitivity in Drosophila.," Nature, vol. 454, 2008, pp. 1014-8.
[28] N. Klejwa, N. Harjee, R. Kwon, S. Coulthard, and B. Pruitt, "Transparent SU-8 Three-Axis Micro Strain Gauge Force Sensing Pillar Arrays for Biological Applications," TRANSDUCERS 2007, International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, Lyon, France, June, 2007, pp. 2259-2262.
[29] C. Hong, L. Chu, A. Chiang, and W. Fang, "Nanotexture Electrode on Nanoporous AAO Dielectric for Micro Tactile Sensing Devices," MEMS 2009, IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Sorrento, Italy, January, 2009, pp. 100-103.
[30] E. Mengi and Y. Tai, "Parylene etching techniques for microfluidics and biomems," MEMS 2005, IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, Miami, FL, 2005, pp. 568-571.
[31] S. Peng, M. Qureshi, P. Hasler, A. Basu, and F. Degertekin, "A Charge-Based Low-Power High-SNR Capacitive Sensing Interface Circuit," IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. I, Regular papers, vol. 55, 2008, p. 1863.
[32] R. Strauß and M. Heisenberg, "Coordination of legs during straight walking and turning in Drosophila melanogaster," Journal of Comparative Physiology A, vol. 167, 1990, p. 403–412.
[33] M.E. Dillon and M.R. Frazier, "Drosophila melanogaster locomotion in cold thin air.," The Journal of experimental biology, vol. 209, 2006, pp. 364-71.
[34] S. Ou, G. Xu, Y. Xu, and K.N. Tu, "Optical fiber packaging by lead (Pb)-free solder in V-grooves," Ceramics International, vol. 30, 2004, pp. 1115-1119.