隨著醫學的進步，治療過程通過診斷和治療的結合來提升治療功效，並能夠早期發現與治療疾病。因此，生物醫學研究努力致力於提高診斷的靈敏度和準確性，以便早期診斷並且提供更好的治療方法。本論文研究的目的是研究磁性奈米顆粒的功能化及其在生物醫學中的應用，包括核磁共振（診斷），磁熱效應（治療）和生物感測器。
第一部分描述了藉由調整殼層奈米粒子的磁性相互作用，能夠變成高效診斷與治療的多功能磁性奈米顆粒。氧化鐵磁性奈米顆粒（IONP）的尺寸和表面處理使得可用於同時增強磁共振圖像（MRI）對比和有效提升熱治療的溫升效率。然而，為了避免磁性奈米顆粒聚集使用超順磁性顆粒大大限制了它們的效能。在這裡，我們證明奈米粒子之間的磁相互作用可以通過殼層結構來操縱，以增強MRI的顯影對比和磁熱吸收溫升效率。非常值得注意的是，我們可以控制磁場下顆粒排列組裝的磁性配置，以提高顯影劑的弛豫特性和熱療效果，使得同時診斷與治療成為可能。在腫瘤實驗研究證明，MRI掃描可以清楚地診斷腫瘤細胞，並且通過使用相同的FePt @ IONP來進行熱治療，腫瘤大小顯著減少，實現同時診斷與治療的概念。
第二部分描述了磁性奈米粒子在磁場中排列的熱療效應。對於磁熱吸收率（SAR），可以藉由調整磁各向異性，顆粒尺寸或飽和磁化強度來增強功耗。如何調整奈米粒子的磁性並最大化損耗功率，這是磁熱轉換效率的衡量標準。近年來，研究人員通過磁硬和軟磁的殼層結構之間的交互耦合證明了磁熱感應效率顯著的提高。在這項研究中，我們發現磁性配置是提高熱療效率的關鍵重要因素之一。
最後一部分研究是針對磁性立方體和殼層結構的奈米粒子感測器。由於磁場下的獨特磁化率，磁性顆粒也可作為靈敏的生醫感測器。使用新型奈米粒子感測器可以區分IONP和FePt @ IONP的粒徑和磁旋轉模式。FePt @ IONP具有特定的旋轉模式，在AC磁場下能觀察到具有的脈衝離子電流信號。因此，開發殼層結構奈米粒子作為簡單生物感測技術是一個新的生醫應用契機。

With the advancement of medicine, the medical treatment process requires highly treatment efficacy by the combination of diagnostics and therapeutics. Early detection and treatment of disease is the most important component of a favorable prognosis. Therefore, tremendous efforts in biomedical research have been devoted to improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the diagnosis with the aim of early diagnosis and possibly better efficacy of the treatment methods. The research is to study functionalization of magnetic NPs and their applications in biomedicine, including MRI (diagnosis), hyperthermia (therapy), and bio-sensor.
The first part describes the tuning magnetic interaction of multifunctional core-shell nanoparticles for highly effective theranostics. Controlled-size and surface treatment of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IONPs) make one-stage combination feasible for enhanced magnetic resonance image (MRI) contrast and effective hyperthermia. However, superparamagnetic behavior, essential for avoiding aggregation of magnetic NPs, substantially limits their performance. Here, we demonstrate that magnetic interaction among nanoparticles can be manipulated by core-shell structure to enhance the resolution of MRI and specific absorption rate of nanoparticles. It is rather remarkable that we can control the magnetic configuration of assembly shape under the magnetic field to improve relaxivity of contrast agent and effectiveness of hyperthermia, making theranostics feasible. Our in-vivo tumor study reveals that the tumor cells can be clearly diagnosed during MRI scan and the tumor size is substantially reduced through hyperthermia therapy by using the same FePt@IONPs, realizing the concept of theranostics.
The second part describes the hyperthermia effects of magnetic nanoparticles in aligned magnetic fields. As for the specific absorption rate (SAR), power dissipation can be enhanced by tuning magnetic anisotropy, particle size or saturation magnetization. Tuning the magnetic properties of the nanoparticle and maximize the specific loss power, which is a gauge of the conversion efficiency. In recent years, the researcher demonstrates a significant increase in the efficiency of magnetic thermal induction by the exchange coupling between a magnetically hard core and magnetically soft shell. In this research, we found magnetic configuration is one of the key factor for enhancing the hyperthermia efficiency
The last part is the nanoparticles detector for magnetic cube and core-shell structure. Magnetic NPs also be the sensitive bio sensor by the distinctive susceptibility under the magnetic field. Using the novel nanoparticles detector can distinguish the particle size and specific magnetic rotation of IONP and FePt@IONP. The FePt@IONPs have the specific rotation mode to be observed the pulse ion current signal with AC magnetic field. Hence, it is a good chance to develop a simple biosensing technology with the core-shell structure.

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