摘 要
本研究主要目的在瞭解苗栗縣國民小學教育人員在校園危機管理內涵認知情形，並探討目前校園危機管理的實際運作狀況及困境。據此提出研究結果與建議，以供國民小學校園危機管理之參考。
本研究方式採文獻分析和問卷調查、訪談等方法為主。首先，透過理論分析，探討校園危機管理的理論背景、意涵、及運作原則；其次，根據文獻探討的結果，編製「苗栗縣國民小學校園危機管理調查問卷」，藉以瞭解危機管理內涵認知情形，及實際運作現況。最後根據研究發現，提出具體建議事項。
本研究調查對象以九十三學年度苗栗縣境內所轄公立國民小學之校長及教師為研究對象，共抽取27所學校施測，發出問卷639份，回收有效問卷502份，有效回收率78.6％。並將所得資料以SPSS for Windows 11.0統計套裝軟體進行分析，透過平均數、百分比、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Scheffé事後比較、卡方檢定等統計方法，綜合歸納主要結論如下：
一、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員對校園危機管理內涵認知，趨向於「重要」，其中又以危機復原階段的重要性最高。
二、不同職務、學歷、危機管理課程學習經驗等變項之教育人員在校園危機管理內涵認知之情形具有顯著差異。
三、整體而言，校園危機管理實際運作上，各項重要工作落實情形尚可。
四、整體而言，不同職務變項與學校規模變項之教育人員在校園危機管理運作的落實情形上，認知略有差異。
五、苗栗縣國民小學校園危機管理計畫的參與訂定人員，主要以行政人員為主。
六、苗栗縣國民小學的危機預防演練項目，缺乏多樣性。
七、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員認為負責校園危機管理相關資料彙整的單位，以訓導處最多，總務處次之。
八、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員普遍認為，校園危機事件發生時，對外發言人員應由校長擔任為宜，但校長與教師間認知略有差異。
九、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員普遍認為應以公開、坦然之態度面對新聞媒體，顯示其態度成熟；而在危機溝通方面「受害者家屬」則被認為是最不易溝通的對象。
十、苗栗縣國民小學教育人員普遍認為目前危機管理知識獲得的管道是不足的，而獲得相關知識的管道以「參加危機管理相關教育訓練」最被認同。
十一、危機管理運作上，重要工作未能落實，其主要原因在於：教育人員對
於危機管理工作的功能認同度不足且教育人員普遍存有被動、應付的心態，而在工作執行上，各單位及人員之間的配合亦有困難。
十二、教育人員認為校園危機管理工作可能遭遇之困難主要為：危機管理相
關知識不足、學校同仁缺乏危機意識、人力不足等。

根據前述的研究結論，對教育行政機關、國民小學、教師及未來研究
提出具體建議。

Abstract
　　The purpose of this study is to explore the perception and the current situation of Crisis Management application, and obstruction of promoting for the educators in elementary schools in Miaoli County. Based on this research, we provided suggestions for elementary schools to further employ the“Crisis Management ” theory.
　　The research method is based on the past literature, questionnaires analyses and interviews. Firstly, the researcher explore the background theory, the relevant connotation, and principles of Crisis Management in schools through theoretical analysis. Secondly, according to the result of the document analysis for survey and study, the researcher designed "Questionnaire for Crisis Management in elementary schools of Miaoli County" so as to realize the perception for the educators and the current situation of Crisis Management application in elementary schools .Finally ,the researcher offers substantial suggestions based upon the conclusions of the study.
　　Targets for the study are all the teachers who work on the public of the 2004 academic year in Miaoli County as the population , took 27 public elementary schools in Miaoli County as our main samples. 639 questionnaires are issued in total; 502 effective ones are retrieved, with a successful retrieving rate of 78.6%.
Based on the above samples and the software of SPSS for windows 11.0 are ran a series of statistics analysis, including mean, percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé method and Chi-square test etc, to come out with the following conclusions:
1.The perception of Crisis Management of the educators at elementary schools in Miaoli County tends to importance ,and the one in the stage of recovery is the most important.
2.Teachers with different background and environment factors such as occupation , academic background , experience of Crisis Management learning have significant differences on the perception of Crisis Management.
3. Totally , the situation of carried out Crisis Management in elementary schools is approximately good.
4. Totally , teachers with different background and environment factors have significant differences on the perception of the situation of carried out Crisis Management in elementary schools.
5. People who involved in making the program of campus crisis management are mainly administrators.
6. The categories of crisis prevention drill are lacked of varieties.
7. The relevant information and materials of Crisis Management are mainly charged by students’ affair office , some by general affair office.
8. When crisis happening, most of the educators thinks that the principles should be the spokesmen. But there are differences on the perception between teachers and principles.
9. The educators commonly consider that they should bring the fact into the open when facing news media, and the victim’s family members are the hardest to carry communication out .
10.The educators commonly consider that the paths of learning Crisis Management are not enough , and the paths of Crisis Management training is commonly identified.
11. The main obstruction of promoting Crisis Management lies in: (1)the educators’ insufficient agreement from the effect 0f Crisis Management .(2)their passive and perfunctory attitude.(3) passive personnel’s concert.
12.The handicaps of carrying out Crisis Management are the lack of knowledge about Crisis Management, the sense of crisis, and manpower.

According to the above conclusion, this study provides suggestions to the education authorities, schools, teachers’ pre-service education institutions, and future researches.

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