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研究生： 楊又璇
Yang, Yu-Hsuan
論文名稱： 多壁奈米碳管對纖維補強高分子預浸材積層板複合材料機械性質與扭轉疲勞特性之研究
Study on Mechanical Properties and Torsion Fatigue Behavior of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes for Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminate Prepreg Composites
指導教授： 葉銘泉
Yip, Ming-Chuen
口試委員: 葉維磬
Yeh, Wei-Ching
方維倫
Fang, Wei-Leun
葉銘泉
Yip, Ming-Chuen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 動力機械工程學系
Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 133
中文關鍵詞： 多壁奈米碳管 、碳纖維 、環氧樹脂 、機械性質 、扭轉疲勞壽命
外文關鍵詞： Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotudes, Carbon Fiber, Epoxy, Mechanical Properties, Torsion Fatigue Life
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
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    • 在綠色能源抬頭的世代裡，風力是台灣亦是世界不可忽視的一項綠色能源，尤其是在有風城盛名的新竹更是要極力發展。以往的風力機皆以水平式為主，其缺點必須擁有良好風場、寬闊的地點、噪音…等，本研究主要著重於探討小空間、小功率、任意風向發電之垂直型風力發電機葉片材料性質探討，並利用輕量化、高強度之複合材料取代過往的金屬材料。
    現今由於奈米碳管具有質量輕、導電性、高熱傳導度及高熱穩定性等特殊物理特性以及許多潛在的應用如航空、航太、電磁波遮蔽(EMI)材料及靜電釋放材料(ESD) …等上。本研究旨在利用多壁奈米碳管做為補強材(Reinforcement)，環氧樹脂為基材(Matrix)之碳纖維積層板複合材料於葉片承受垂直型風力機運轉之靜態機械性質及動態扭轉疲勞特性研究，並探討添加不同比例之多壁奈米碳管對積層板複合材料機械性質與扭轉疲勞壽命影響，且觀察積層板複合材料遭受到不同溫度、濕度與熱循環條件下之抵抗能力，最後以SEM觀察積層板複合材料之破壞斷面驗證其破壞機制。
    本研究利用高強度超音波震盪來分散環氧樹脂與多壁奈米碳管溶液，並運用超音波之空蝕效應與高轉速機械攪拌將多壁奈米碳管溶於EPO-622環氧樹脂中，再採用抽真空技術來排除氣泡，並添加多壁奈米碳管含量為0wt%、0.5wt%、1.0wt%、1.5wt% (wt%是與環氧樹脂重量之比值)進行彎曲測試、層間剪切強度、扭轉強度與扭轉疲勞測試，並觀察多壁奈米碳管在碳纖維/環氧樹脂積層板複合材料中之影響。在複合材料製程上採用平織碳纖維織布與環氧樹脂並利用熱壓成型製作積層板複合材料。當多壁奈米碳管添加量達1.5wt%時，在靜態之機械性質與動態之疲勞測試都有最佳的提升量，可以發現添加多壁奈米碳管對碳纖維/環氧樹脂複合材料有顯著的提升效果。在彎曲測試中，1.5wt%多壁奈米碳管添加量之彎曲強度與彎曲模數與未添加多壁奈米碳管之複合材料分別提升約8.97%與11.45%，另外，層間剪切強度則提升約10.74%。而根據扭轉疲勞週次之實驗結果，利用統計學最小平方法得到有加添加多壁奈米碳管與沒添加之積層板複合材料疲勞壽命破壞線性迴歸曲線，可發現多壁奈米碳管對於扭轉疲勞壽命有相當顯著之提升。

    Wind power is an inevitable green power in the world and Taiwan in this century, especially at Hsinchu where is called as “Wind City”. The conventional horizontal-axis wind turbine has some disadvantages such as noise, requirement of stable wind field, vast location, etc. The investigation of material properties for blade of the low-power, small space and random-wind-directional power generating vertical-axis wind turbine is a major job in this study. Furthermore, the light-weight and high-strength composite adopted to fabricate wind turbine instead of lated metal materials is also researched in this study.
    Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess special physical characteristics such as strength, stiffness, light weight, electrical conductivity, highly thermal conductivity and thermal stability, etc. Meanwhile, there is a lot of potential applications such as the aviation, aerospace, electromagnetic interference (EMI) material and electrostatic discharge (ESD), etc. In this research, study of composites composed of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix of laminate for fabricating wind turbine was focused on influence on the static mechanical properties and dynamic torsion fatigue behavior on blade for vertical-axis wind turbine. Additionally, the effect of adding different proportions of MWCNTs of MWCNTs-containing composites on static mechanical properties and dynamic torsion fatigue life was also investigated. And observe the resistant ability of laminates composite treated to various temperatures, humidities and thermal cycles. Finally, morphologies for the fracture surface of laminates composite are observed by thermal emission schottky field scanning electrical microscopy (TFSEM).
    In this study, MWCNTs were spread evenly among epoxy resin by using high-efficiency ultrasonication, and MWCNTs were infused into EPO-622 epoxy resin adopting sonic cavitation and high-speed mechanical stirring. Finally, the residual air bubbles were removed using vacuum technique. Flexural, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), torsion strength and torsion fatigue tests were performed on MWCNTs-filled (0.5wt%, 1.0wt% and 1.5wt% by epoxy resin weight) epoxy resin composites and MWCNTs-unfilled composites to identify the effect of adding MWCNTs on the mechanical properties of carbon fabric-epoxy resin composite. Woven carbon fiber and epoxy resin were adopted to fabricate composite using hot press molding. The highest improvement in static mechanical properties and dynamic torsion fatigue life was obtained when amount of MWCNTs of MWCNTs-containing composite reached to 1.5wt%. Flexural, interlaminar shear stress, torsion and torsion fatigue tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of MWCNTs addition on the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the carbon fabric-epoxy resin composite. The flexural strength and flexural modulus of the 1.5wt% MWCNTs-containing composite improved by 8.97% and 11.45%, respectively, compared to that of the composite without MWCNTs. Moreover, the 1.5wt% MWCNTs-containing carbon fabric-epoxy composite showed 10.74% enhancement on the interlaminar shear stress compared to that of composite without MWCNTs. Based on the experimental result, a linear damage model has been fitted with ordinary least squares (OLS) method for unfilled and MWCNTs-filled carbon fabric-epoxy composite. Additionally, the torsion fatigue lift was also improved significantly.

    表目錄......................................................................................................IV 圖目錄......................................................................................................VI 符號表....................................................................................................XV 第一章 緒論............................................................................................1 1-1 前言..............................................................................1 1-2 研究動機......................................................................2 1-3 研究目的......................................................................4 第二章 文獻回顧....................................................................................5 2-1 碳纖維/環氧樹脂複合材料介紹.................................5 2-2 垂直型風力葉片設計..................................................5 2-3 複合材料之疲勞性質..................................................6 2-4 應力(S)與疲勞週次(Nf)間的關係..............................7 2-5 複合材料破壞機制......................................................8 2-6 奈米碳管特性探討......................................................8 2-6.1 奈米碳管分散性..........................................................9 2-6.2 奈米碳管製備與特性..................................................9 2-7 複合材料之層間剪應力............................................10 2-8 複合材料之機械性質探討........................................11 2-8.1 環氧樹脂概論............................................................13 2-8.2 環氧樹脂之硬化反應機制........................................14 2-9 複合材料之破壞韌性與疲勞壽命............................15 第三章 實驗內容及程序......................................................................16 3-1 實驗材料與試劑........................................................16 3-2 實驗儀器及設備........................................................17 3-2.1 加工設備....................................................................17 3-2.2 測試儀器....................................................................20 3-3 多壁奈米碳管/環氧樹脂/碳纖維積層板奈米複合材料製備........................................................................22 3-4 實驗流程及其測試條件............................................24 3-4.1 實驗流程....................................................................25 3-4.2 實驗測試條件............................................................25 3-4.3 實驗測試方法............................................................26 第四章 結果與討論..............................................................................30 4-1 靜態機械性質分析....................................................30 4-1-1 溫度預處理之測試分析............................................30 4-1-1.1 室溫下彎曲強度測試分析........................................30 4-1-1.2 85℃預處理後之彎曲強度測試分析........................31 4-1-1.3 常溫下之層間剪切強度測試分析............................32 4-1-1.4 85℃預處理後之層間剪切強度測試分析................33 4-1-1.5 常溫下之扭轉強度測試分析....................................34 4-1-2 溫濕度預處理之測試分析........................................35 4-1-2.1 低溫高濕(25℃/85%RH)之彎曲強度測試分析.......36 4-1-2.2 高溫高濕(85℃/85%RH)之彎曲強度測試分析.......37 4-1-2.3 低溫高濕(25℃/85%RH)之層間剪切強度測試分析................................................................................38 4-1-2.4 高溫高濕(85℃/85%RH)之層間剪切強度測試分析................................................................................39 4-1-3 熱循環預處理之測試分析........................................41 4-1-3.1 熱循環之彎曲強度測試分析....................................41 4-1-3.2 熱循環之層間剪切強度測試分析............................44 4-1-4 經不同環境效應條件測試之結果分析....................46 4-1-4.1 彎曲測試之結果分析比較........................................46 4-1-4.2 層間剪切強度測試之結果分析比較........................47 4-2 動態機械性質分析....................................................49 4-2-1 常溫下扭轉疲勞測試分析........................................49 4-2-1.1 常溫下CF/Epoxy積層板扭轉疲勞測試分析..........49 4-2-1.2 常溫下0.5wt% MWCNTs/CF/Epoxy積層板扭轉疲勞測試分析................................................................51 4-2-1.3 常溫下1.0wt% MWCNTs/CF/Epoxy積層板扭轉疲勞測試分析................................................................52 4-2-1.4 常溫下1.5wt% MWCNTs/CF/Epoxy積層板扭轉疲勞測試分析................................................................53 4-2-2 扭轉疲勞測試之結果分析比較................................55 第五章 結論與未來工作......................................................................57 5-1 結論............................................................................57 5-2 未來工作....................................................................60 參考文獻..................................................................................................61 附表..........................................................................................................68 附圖..........................................................................................................75

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