在世界語言中「說」這個動詞的功能有很多(Heine & Kuteva 2007)，可充當補語連詞、填補語、言談標記等等，根據前人的研究(如Hopper & Traugott 2003)，這種多功是語法化的結果。賽夏語的koSa’「說」這個動詞也展現了多重的用法，因此本文從語法化的觀點探討賽夏語的koSa’的多重功能。我們發現在語言使用中koSa’常以三種不同的焦點形式出現，分別為主事焦點形式komoSa’、動詞詞根koSa’和受式焦點形式koSa’en，而我們發現這三種形式語意上雖然都是「說」，但不同的焦點形式卻展現不一樣的功能，因此在語法化的路徑上雖然大致相同卻也有小異。主事焦點的komoSa’除了表示「說」，還經由隱喻擴展由言談域擴到認知域表「想」，此外還可以可作為言談、認知和感知動詞的補語連詞，甚至擔任填補語 (filler)。而koSa’較獨特的是其形式雖為詞根，但功能和主事者焦點類似，因此也展現相似的發展，可以同樣可當補語連詞但是僅止於言談和認知的補語連詞。koSa’en的動詞用法和其他兩種形式較不同，論元結構上多了說話的對象，語意上更常表達「叫某人做某事」和「叫/稱某物為某名稱」，比較語法功能的用法則是具有舉證標記用法，以及類似英語whatchamacallit的填補語用法。我們認為，這三種焦點形式的「說」因為有不同的側重，所以有不一樣的分工與發展。

Cross-linguistically, the verbs of saying are usually multifunctional (Heine & Kuteva 2007). Specifically, they can serve as a complementizer, a filler, a discourse marker and so on. Previous studies (Hopper & Traugott 2003 among many others) have shown that the mutifunctionality results from grammaticalization. The utterance verb koSa’ in Saisiyat carries multiple grammatical functions as well; therefore the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the multiple functions of the verb koSa’ from the perspective of grammaticalization. In addition to the root form koSa’, two other inflected forms, komoSa’ (Agent Focus) and koSa’en (Patient Focus), are frequently found in the utterance. The three forms in question though carry similar meaning, i.e. ‘say’ display divergences in their focus and therefore are found to display minor differences in their paths of grammaticalization. Extending from utterance domain to cognitive domain via metaphoric extension, komoSa’ conveys the meaning thinking in addition to saying; besides, it functions as the complementizer of the clausal complements of the verbs of utterance, cognition and perception and can serve as a filler. The root form koSa’, which also belongs to the set of Agent Fcous form appear in imperative and negative constructions, patterns with komoSa’ with regard to grammatical function and grammaticalization process. Fucntioning as a verb, koSa’en differs from the mentioned above two in that it takes an additional argument, the Addressee, and usually convey the meaning ‘tell X to do something’ or ‘call X as Y’. What is more, it can function as an evidential marker and a filler; the latter is similar to whatchamacallit in English. We propose that the differences concerning grammatical function and grammaticalization processes among the three verb forms are due to their emphases on different aspects.

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