高熵合金藉由多元混雜增加混合熵以形成穩定固溶體，展現出優異的物理和機械性質。而擴散遲緩效應是高熵合金的四大效應之一，對其高溫強度和抗輻射損傷等性質具有重要影響。然而，擴散遲緩效應在高熵合金備受爭議，其機制也不明確，此外，空孔運動行為在受局部複雜環境影響尚未有系統性分析。因此本研究利用蒙地卡羅方法模擬多元系統中空孔的擴散行為，分析局部環境複雜性對空孔運動的影響。在自擴散模擬中，發現空孔傾向與低能障元素交換，形成局部區域快速打轉的現象，且能障大小和能障差距對空孔運動行為的影響大於元素數目，而高溫則會減少局部環境的影響。而在交互擴散模擬中，發現空孔運動受局部環境和濃度梯度影響，且隨著局部環境複雜性的增加，空孔運動相關性變明顯。雖然多元系統中相近的交換機率降低了運動相關性，但若存在特別低能障元素，空孔運動可能會受到限制。最後，本研究提出空孔運動行為與擴散遲緩效應之間的關聯，應與其在低能障元素影響下的局部快速打轉有關，並受跳躍頻率與運動相關性的競爭機制影響。這些發現為高熵合金擴散遲緩效應提供新的理論基礎，並有助於未來在高溫應用中的材料設計。

High-entropy alloys (HEAs), composed of multiple primary elements, tend to form solid solutions through increased entropy contribution, exhibiting excellent physical and mechanical properties. Sluggish diffusion, as one of the four core effects in HEAs, significantly enhances their high-temperature strength, radiation damage tolerance, and other kinetic-related properties. However, sluggish diffusion in HEAs is controversial, and its mechanism remains unclear. Additionally, the behavior of vacancy movement under the influence of local atomic environment complexity has not been systematically analyzed. In this study, we utilize the Monte Carlo method to simulate vacancy diffusion in multicomponent systems, analyzing the impact of local atomic environment complexity on vacancy movement. In the self-diffusion simulations, vacancies tend to exchange with elements that have low migration energy, resulting in rapid but localized motion. The influence of migration barriers and differences between elements on vacancy behavior is more significant than the number of elements. High temperatures reduce the impact of local atomic environment complexity. In interdiffusion simulations, vacancy movement is affected by local atomic environments and concentration gradients, with increased local atomic environment complexity enhancing correlation. Similar exchange rates in multicomponent systems reduce movement correlation, but we suggest the presence of exceptionally low energy barrier elements in HEA can restrict vacancy movement. Finally, this study establishes a link between vacancy behavior and sluggish diffusion, suggesting that rapid but localized motion under the influence of low migration energy, along with the competition between jump frequency and movement correlation, plays a critical role in determining whether sluggish diffusion occurs in HEAs. These findings provide new theoretical insights into the sluggish diffusion effect in HEAs and assist in the future design of materials for high-temperature applications.

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