八週全身振動訓練對老年人
身體姿勢穩定與下肢肌力的影響

摘 要

本研究目的在探討8週全身振動訓練 (Whole Body Vibration Training, WBVT) 對老年人身體姿勢穩定與下肢肌力之影響。受試對象為22位行動能力正常的老人，隨機分派為實驗組13位（年齡66.8±6.2歲；身高162.2±6.4公分；體重62.9±8.3公斤）及控制組各9位（年齡70.4±8.2歲、身高159.3±7.6公分、體重63.9±9.8公斤），實驗組須進行每週三次，每次15分鐘，連續八週的WBVT，而控制組則僅維持平日生活作息。姿勢穩定表現是以Biodex Balance System平衡測量系統來量測老人於不同等級之穩定性；而下肢肌力則是以Biodex S4 Pro等速肌力測量儀來量測老人左側膝踝關節的單位體重之肌力峰值(PT/BW)。所得數據以單因子共變數分析比較兩組PS與PTBW於WBVT前後之差異，統計顯著水準皆定為p < .05。結果顯示：1.訓練後實驗組的PS表現皆皆顯著優於控制組；2. 訓練後實驗組在膝關節角速度60°/sec之屈曲與伸展，以及踝關節角速度60°/sec之蹠屈與背屈的PT/BW皆顯著優於控制組。本研究驗證8週WBVT可有效改善老年人之身體姿勢穩定與低速下肢肌力表現，本研究結果除可提供老年人作為擬定WBV訓練計畫之參考，並建議可將WBV訓練與傳統阻力訓練結合。

關鍵詞：平衡控制、肌力峰值、膝、踝

Effects of Eight-Week Whole-Body Vibration Training on Postural Stability and Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength in Elderly People

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an eight-week whole-body vibration training (WBVT) on postural stability (PS) and lower-extremity muscle strength in elderly people. Twenty-two elderly people in normal ability of movement were randomized into the WBVT group (WBVTG, 13 elderly people, Age: 66.8 ± 6.2 years old; Height: 162.2 ± 6.4 cm; Weight: 62.9 ± 8.3 kg), and the control group (CG, 9 elderly people, Age: 70.4 ± 8.2 years old; Height: 159.3 ± 7.6 cm; Weight: 63.9 ± 9.8 kg). The WBVTG underwent a series of WBV training for eight weeks, three times per week, and fifteen minutes each time. The CG did not take any physical training but maintain the normal lifestyle. The PS performance was evaluated by the Biodex Balance System to measure the overall stability index at different levels. The lower-extremity muscle strength was evaluated by the Biodex S4 Pro to measure the left knee flexion/extension and ankle plantar-/dorsi-flexion isokinetic peak torque per body weight (PT/BW). One-way ANCOVA were used to analyze the differences between groups on PS and PT/BW after WBVT. The level of significance difference was set at p < .05. Results showed that after training, the WBVG significantly: 1.) improved the PS performance, and 2.) increased the knee extension/flexion at 60°/sec and ankle plantar-/dorsi-flexion at 60°/sec than CG. This study demonstrated that an eight-week WBVT can improve the PS and lower-extremity muscle strength in elderly people. This finding not only provide an practical setting for the use of WBVT training in elderly people, but also suggested better outcome with the combination of traditional resistance training.

Keywords: Balance control, Peak torque, Knee, Ankle

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