一般診斷型X光機之品質保證｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	陳顯鑫 Hsien-Hsin Chen
論文名稱：	一般診斷型X光機之品質保證 Quality Assurance in Conventional X-ray Machine
指導教授：	董傳中博士 Chuan-Jong Tung
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	原子科學院 - 生醫工程與環境科學系 Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences
論文出版年：	2000
畢業學年度：	88
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	66
中文關鍵詞：	品質保證、焦斑、半值層、入射表面劑量
外文關鍵詞：	Quality assurance, Focal spot, Half value layer, HVL, Entrance surface dose, ESD
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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摘要
聯合國原子輻射效應科學委員會和美國國家輻射防護暨度量委員會的報告均指出，一般民眾接受之醫用輻射劑量佔其所接受人造輻射劑量80％以上。國際放射防護委員會和國際原子能總署亦均建議，應規範醫用輻射品質管制及輻射防護，以使病人減少不必要的劑量。由此可知，目前國際上已趨於規範醫用輻射品質管制及輻射防護，而藉由對X光機執行品質保證項目，一方面可使X光機處於最佳的狀態，另一方面可藉此使病人接受最小的劑量。

本實驗之目的，主要是針對一般診斷型X光機品質保證的項目進行實驗，一方面評估X光機品質保證項目在國內實行的可行性，另一方面可做為國內建立品質管制計劃的參考。經由對各項品質保證項目的量測，建立各種品質管制項目的實驗測試準則，並且與國際文獻所訂定的標準做比較。

目錄
摘要

第一章 緒論

1  前言………………………………………………1

2  研究之目的及方法………………………………2

3  論文架構…………………………………………3

第二章 實驗原理

1  X光診斷照像檢查………………………………4

2  X光管與X光機…………………………………4

3  焦斑………………………………………………6

4  半值層……………………………………………7

5  劑量評估…………………………………………7

6  統計學上使用的參數……………………………9

第三章 儀器與設備

1  游離腔……………………………………………11

2  鋁濾片……………………………………………12

3  狹縫照像儀與焦斑測試支撐架…………………13

4  非侵入性輻射輸出偵檢器………………………14

5  自動曝露系統用假體……………………………16

第四章 實驗方法與步驟

1  X光管球與準直儀

1.1  半值層之量測………………………………18

1.2  焦斑之量測…………………………………19

1.3  X光與光照野之調準………………………22

1.4  X光與光照野之中心點校準………………22

1.5  X光與含震動式柵極片匣之中心點校正…23

1.6  X光與含震動式柵極片匣照野之調準……23

2  X光機曝露

2.1  管電壓精確度………………………………25

2.2  計時器精確度與重現度………………………25

2.3  線性……………………………………………26

2.4  曝露重現性……………………………………27

3 表面劑量之量測…………………………………29

第五章 結果與討論

1 文獻探討…………………………………………33

2  X光管球與準直儀

2.1  半值層之量測結果…………………37

2.2  焦斑之量測結果………………41

2.3  X光與光照野之調準、X光與含震動式柵極片匣照野之調準結果……………………………44

2.4  X光與含震動式柵極片匣之中心點校正、X光與光照野中心點校正之結果…………………44

3  X光機曝露

3.1  管電壓精確度之量測結果……………………49

3.2  計時器精確度與重現度之量測結果…………49

3.3  線性之量測結果………………………………52

3.4  曝露重現性之量測結果………………………56

3  入射表面劑量之量測結果…………………………58

第六章 結論…………………………………………………62

參考文獻……………………………………………………64

參考文獻
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