工業革命後由於人口的增加與社會經濟的發展，造成自然資源的耗竭以及環境污染負荷加劇，環境議題引起各國環保團體深度關切與重視。因此隨著歐盟廢電子電機設備（Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, WEEE）、有毒物質限用指令（Restriction of Hazardous Substance, RoHS）以及能源使用產品生態化設計指令（Eco-Design Requirements for Energy Using Products, EuP）等環境指令陸續實施，掀起了全球的綠色產品風潮，也對全球的產業市場的結構發展，產生了深切的衝擊，所以綠色設計能力成為企業是否能保持其競爭優勢的關鍵能力。本研究所發展之生態化設計方法將結合環境品質機能展開（QFDE）、倒傳遞類神經網路（BPN）、創新問題解決理論（TRIZ）以及生命週期評估（LCA）等方法。首先在產品概念設計階段，使用QFDE進行產品設計評估，分析顧客以及環境需求，將需求轉化為產品設計之要素，並將設計評估之結果用以建構設計改善預測類神經網路模型，支援研發人員綠色產品設計研發；TRIZ理論則由設計改善評估之結果，輔助設計問題的求解，縮短產品開發時程；最後，利用LCA方法分析現有產品以及所組成零組件之環境衝擊，提供新產品設計選料評估之用。因此本研究之設計方法與系統發展目標為根據綠色產品設計要求，建立綠色零組件資訊管理平台，加強企業原有之產品生命週期管理系統，並且落實綠色產品的研發設計之支援與評估，具以實現整合企業研發流程之綠色產品設計系統，最後案例探討以交換式電源供應器驗證本研究之方法與系統。

Owing to the enforcement and implementation of green environmental directives, e.g., the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS), Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment (WEEE), and Eco-Design Requirements for Energy Using Products (EuP) in European Union, the “green” concept is fast becoming the global market trend and the base of industrial development. In order to prevent global environment from serious impact of industrialization and pollution caused by human business activities, developing products fit in with environmental concerns (called green product development or eco-design) becomes a critical task for product designers and producers. Consequently, green product design capabilities become the key competence for enterprises to stay globally competitive.
In this research, an integrated green product design methodology and system are developed to support environmental conscious, energy-using products development. The proposed methodology adopts life cycle assessment (LCA), quality function deployment for environment (QFDE), theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) and the projections of green conceptual design improvement based on back-propagation neural network (BPN) approach. LCA is developed for assessing and comparing the environmental impacts of (human) activities for the production and provision of goods and services. QFDE extended from QFD is a method of translating high-level objectives (voice of customer and voice of environment) into concrete actions and requirements. It is one of the design techniques that aim to satisfy customers’ needs at the product concept design phase. The forecast of design improvement model based on BPN is developed for the R&D decision support of environmental conscious product design to reduce the time frame of product development. TRIZ is used to support R&D to create innovative product design ideas effectively and efficiently during the concept design stage. Finally, this research will present a green concept design case study of electric adaptor demonstrating the proposed eco-design methodology and system.

[1]Altshuller, G. S., 1996, And Suddenly the Inventor Appeared - TRIZ, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, Massachusetts: Technical Innovation Center.
[2]Altshuller, G. S. and Saulovich, 2002, G., 40 principles: TRIZ keys to innovation, Massachusetts: Technical Innovation Center.
[3]Ahn, Y.J., and Lee, K.W., 2006, “Application of Axiomatic Design and TRIZ in Ecodesign,” The TRIZ Journal.
[4]Bhamra, V.A., Lofthouse, V.A., and Evans, S., 1999, “Effective ecodesign: finding a way forward for industry,” Proceedings of 6th International Product Development Management Conference, Cambridge, pp. 717-724.
[5]Cybenko, G., 1989, “Approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function,” Mathematical Control, Signals, and Systems, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 303-314.
[6]Curran, M.A., 1996, The History of LCA, New York: MaGraw-Hill.
[7]Official Journal of the European Union, 2003, Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Official Journal of the European Union, European.
[8]Official Journal of the European Union, 2003, Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, Official Journal of the European Union, European.
[9]Official Journal of the European Union, 2005, Directive 2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2005 establishing a framework for the setting of eco-design requirements for Energy-using Products and amending Council Directive 92/42/EEC and Directive 96/57/EC and 2000/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Official Journal of the European Union, European.
[10]Changqing, G., 2006, “Selecting TRIZ tools by RDM,” The TRIZ Journal.
[11]Domb, E., “The 39 Features of Altshuller Contradiction Matrix,” the TRIZ Journal, 1998.
[12]Eisenhard, J.L., Wallace, D.R., and Sousa, I., 2000, “Approximate Life-Cycle Assessment in Conceptual Product Design,” ASME Proceeding of DETC, Sep.10-13.
[13]Fey, V., and Rivin, E.I, 2005, Innovation on Demand, UK: Cambridge University Press.
[14]Glantschnig, W.J., 1993, “Green Design: A Review of Issues and Challenges,” Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 74-78.
[15]Goedkoop M.J., 1995, The Eco-indicator 95. Final Report, http://www.pre.nl/, 01/15/2009 Accessed.
[16]Hornik, K., Stinchcombe, M., and White, H., 1989, “Multi-layer feedforward networks are universal approximations,” Neural Networks, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 336-359.
[17]ISO, 2002, ISO 14062 Environmental management – Integratinge environmental aspects into product design and development, Technical Report, Genvea.
[18]ISO, 2006, ISO 14040 Environmental management - life cycle assessment - principles and framework, Technical Report, Geneva.
[19]ISO, 2006, ISO 14044 Environmental management - life cycle assessment - requirements and guidelines, Technical Report, Geneva.
[20]Ideation International Inc., TRIZ and I-TRIZ, http://www.ideationtriz.com/triz.asp, 01/15/2009 Accessed.
[21]Kuo, T.-C., 2003, “Green product development in quality function deployment by using fuzzy logic analysis,” Electronics and the Environment, 2003. IEEE International Symposium on, pp. 88-93, 19-22.
[22]Kuo, T.-C., and Wu, H.-H., 2005, “Fuzzy Eco-Design Product Development by Using Quality Function Deployment,” Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, EcoDesign 2005 Fourth International Symposium on, pp. 422-429.
[23]Liu, C.-C., and Chen, J.-L., 2001, “Development of product green innovation design method,” Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, Proceedings EcoDesign 2001 Second International Symposium on, pp. 168-173.
[24]Liu, G., Liu, W., 2006, “Instructing the Innovation of Control Strategies by TRIZ,” Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, 2006. ISDA 06. Sixth International Conference on , Vol. 1, pp. 787-791.
[25]Lin, C.-S., and Su, C.-T., 2007, “An Innovative Way to Create New Service Applying the Methodology,” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 142-152.
[26]Liu, F., Tan, R., and Zhang, p., 2007, “A method of reducing complexity of product based on TRIZ,” Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2007 IEEE International Conference, pp.1125-1128.
[27]Liu, F., Jiang, P., Zhang, P., and Tan, R., 2008, “Conceptual design process model for function and contradiction solving,” Management of Innovation and Technology, 2008. ICMIT 2008. 4th IEEE International Conference on, pp.1298-1302.
[28]Mann, D., 2002, Hands-on Systematic Innovation, Belgium: CREAX Press.
[29]Masui, K., Sakao, T., Kobayashi, M., and Inaba, A., 2003, “Applying quality function deployment to environmentally conscious design,” International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 90-106.
[30]Orloff, M.A., 2003, Inventive Thinking through TRIZ, Berline: Springer.
[31]Park, J.H., Seo, K.K., and Wallace, D., 2001, “Approximate Life Cycle Assessment of Classified Products using Artificial Neural Network and Statistical Analysis in Conceptual Product Design,” Proceedings of the EcoDesign 2001: Second International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 321-326.
[32]Park, J.H., and Seo, K.K., 2006, “A knowledge-based approximate life cycle assessment system for evaluating environmental impacts of product design alternatives in a collaborative design environment,” Advanced Engineering Informatics, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 147-154.
[33]Pennington, D.W., Potting, J., Finnveden, G., Lindeijer, E., Jolliet, O., Rydberg, T., and Rebitzer, G., 2004, “Life cycle assessment Part 2: Current impact assessment practice,” Environment International, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 721-739.
[34]Park, P.-J., Lee, K.-M., and Wimmer, W., 2006, “Development of an Environmental Assessment Method for Consumer Electronics by combining Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches,” The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Vol. 11 , No. 4, pp. 254-264.
[35]Royston, M.G, 1979, Pollution Prevention Pays, UK: Oxford.
[36]Rantanen, k., 1997, “Levels of Solutions,” The TRIZ Journal.
[37]Rebitzer, G., Ekvall, T., Frischknecht, R., Hunkeler, D., Norris, G., Rydberg, T., Schmidt, W.-P., Suh, S., Weidema, B.P., and Pennington, D.W., 2004, “Life cycle assessment: Part 1: Framework, goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, and applications,” Environment international: a journal of environmental science, risk and health, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 701-720.
[38]Serban, D., Man, E., Ionescu, N., and Roche, T., 2004, A TRIZ Approach to Design for Environment, Springer Netherlands: Product Engineering.
[39]Sakao, T., 2007, “A QFD-centred design methodology for environmentally conscious product design,” International journal of production research, Vol. 45, No. 18, pp. 4143-4162.
[40]Tate, K. and Domb, E., 1997, “40 Inventive Principles with Examples,” The TRIZ Journal.
[41]Terninko, J., 2000, “Su-Field Analysis,” The TRIZ Journal.
[42]Terninko, J., Domb, E., and Miller, J., 2000, “The Seventy-six Standard Solutions, with Examples Section One”, The TRIZ Journal.
[43]Zhang, G., Patuwo, B.E., and Hu, M.Y., 1998, “Forecasting with artificial neural networks: the state of the art,” International Journal of Forecasting, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 35-62.
[44]莊智淵，「生命週期評估應用於產品概念設計階段之研究」（指導教授：陳家豪），碩士論文，國立成功大學，機械工程學系，2004年。
[45]陳冠榮，「整合以TRIZ為基之綠色產品開發與生命週期評估系統」（指導教授：張瑞芬），碩士論文，國立清華大學，工業工程與工程管理所，2007。
[46]郭宇智，「應用萃思工具解決封裝元件導線架脫層問題」（指導教授：許棟樑），碩士論文，國立清華大學，工業工程與工程管理所，2008年。
[47]李子平，「智慧型質場分析解題助手」（指導教授：許棟樑），碩士論文，國立清華大學，工業工程與工程管理所，2008年。
[48]廖文進，「萃思 （TRIZ） 方法之實務應用-以液晶螢幕翻轉裝置為例」（指導教授：沙永傑），碩士論文，國立交通大學，工業工程與管理系所，2006年。
[49]劉志成，「TRIZ 方法改良與綠色創新設計方法之研究」（指導教授：陳家豪），國立成功大學機械工程學系博士論文，2003年。
[50]劉宜旺，「從產品生命週期階段觀點提出改良TRIZ為基礎之綠色創新設計方法研究」（指導教授：陳家豪），國立成功大學機械工程學系碩士論文，2005年。
[51]羅文正，「生命週期評估技術於產業之應用─以6V4Ah鉛酸電池為例」（指導教授：高明瑞），碩士論文，國立中山大學，企業管理研究所，2001年。
[52]姜台林，「TRIZ發明問題解決理論」，宇河文化，2008。
[53]張建成譯，John Chris Jones著，「設計方法」，六合出版，1992。
[54]智慧型創新 TRIZ 萃智，http://stu.csim.hk.edu.tw/msung/Research/Creativity/TRIZ/TRIZ_tree/TRIZ_index.htm, 25/04/2009 Accessed