由於產業競爭日益加劇，為增加設備使用率提高產能，生產現場24小時不間斷運轉或提供服務已成趨勢，因此員工進行輪班工作相當普遍。而不同公司之輪班制度因作業需求有所不同，各輪班制度皆有其優缺點，但從事輪班工作對員工身心狀況之影響值得企業重視。
輪班工作之員工必須調整睡眠及工作時間配合各種輪班班別（早、中、夜班），因此其生理時鐘可能受到影響，造成生／心理方面之問題，並對其社交生活產生負面影響。本研究即針對台灣某石化產業工廠432位男性員工（平均年齡35.5歲）之身體疲勞、工作能力、生活品質、睡眠品質、憂鬱程度、心理壓力等六項指標進行數據蒐集，分析各輪班制度下員工於不同指標之表現，找出最適之輪班制度。
研究結果顯示換班頻率為四天一輪的員工於大部分指標皆表現較差，主要原因是連續四天值夜班使員工疲勞感倍增，且與下一輪班班別（早班）中間休息時間僅一天，人體生理時鐘無法迅速適應，因此容易造成睡眠品質不佳、精神不濟等現象，間接影響工作績效與作業安全。再者，換班頻率為四天亦會使員工在逐漸適應特定作息時間之際，必須轉換生理時鐘配合下一個輪班班別，長期下來混亂的生理時鐘會造成員工身體健康問題，降低整體工作能力及生活品質。因此本研究建議將輪班制度之換班頻率訂為「兩天」，減輕員工因適應特定作息又必須調整生理時鐘造成之身心負荷，使其身體健康、精神狀況、工作能力等方面皆能有較佳之表現。
綜而言之，換班頻率為兩天較能減輕輪班員工之生／心理負荷，且正向輪班較符合人類生理時鐘運行，因此若要制定一致性的輪班制度，建議以「正向兩天一輪」方式進行輪班工作，希望透過此最適輪班制度安排，並在良好的工作環境下，使員工之整體工作績效、工作及生活品質有所提升。

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