嘉戎語群屬藏緬語族羌語支。卓克基嘉戎語是目前嘉戎語群中研究較為豐富的一種。根據林向榮先生的嘉戎語研究及孫天心教授對嘉戎語草登話的研究，本文以作者田野調查的語料，針對卓克基話的兩個動詞前綴k@-(@=schwa)和ka-做了深入的討論。發現動詞前綴k@-(@=schwa)和ka-在詞彙上和語法上有兩種不同的對立。在詞彙上，即動詞的誦讀形式，動詞前綴k@-(@=schwa)和ka-表現了動詞語意的不同。接前綴k@-(@=schwa)的動詞都是人類參與者所不能進行的動作，接前綴ka-者則為人類參與者可以進行的動作。在語法上，k@-(@=schwa)是動詞名物化前綴，ka-則是動詞不定式前綴。動詞不定式可以做為‘能’，‘敢’，‘會’以及‘開始’，‘喜歡’等動詞的補語。前綴k@-(@=schwa)可以使動詞名物化來表示動作本身或動作的參與者。名物化結構可以作為‘看見’，‘知道’等動詞的補語。卓克基話的關係化結構也是用這種名物化結構來表現。名物化前綴k@-(@=schwa)可以和另一動詞前綴nga-融合成ka-的形式。這兩種ka-的區分在於兩者的分布不同而且所能帶的動詞前綴也有所不同。動詞不定式在做為‘能’，‘開始’，‘喜歡’等動詞的補語時不接任何前綴，而名物化前綴則可以接趨向前綴表完成體，這構成兩者最大的不同。動詞前綴nga-和名物化前綴ka-有類似的語意，都有抑制主事者的功能。動詞前綴k@-(@=schwa)和ka-在嘉戎語的用途十分廣泛。本文著重於分別這兩個前綴在結構上的特性，有助於嘉戎語語法的深入研究。

　rGyalrong belongs to the Qiangic group of Tibeto-Burman languages. Zhoukeji rGyalrong is a little better studied variety. Based on the rGyalrongic studies of Mr. Xiang-Rong Lin and the researches on Caodeng rGyalrong of Prof. J. T.-S. Sun, this thesis studies the usage of the verbal prefix k@-(@=schwa) and ka- in Zhoukeji rGyalrong. It is found that these two prefixes exhibit opposition in two ways. Lexically, in the citation forms, verbs are prefixed either by k@-(@=schwa)or by ka-. Those prefixed by k@-(@=schwa) denote a kind of doing by a non-human participant, while those prefixed by ka- denote a kind of doing by a human participant. Grammatically, the prefix k@-(@=schwa) is a nominalizer, while the prefix ka- is an infinitive marker. An infinitive can serve as the complement to predicates like be able to, know how to, dare to, and begin, like etc. The prefix k@-(@=schwa) can derive deverbal nouns that indicate the action or participant denoted by the verb. Nominalization can serve as the complement to predicates like see, or know, etc. Nominalization in Zhoukeji rGyalrong can also express meaning similar to the relativization in English. The nominalizer k@-(@=schwa) can merge with the verbal prefix nga-, a valency-decreasing device, in the form of ka-. This nominalizer ka- and the infinitive marker ka- are very different. They have different distribution and verbal morphology. An infinitive can be the complement of be able to, begin, and like, etc, and it takes no prefixes except ka-. A nominalized verb can be the complement of see, and know, etc. and may take an orientation prefix in the perfective situations. The nominalizer ka- and the valency-decreasing nga- are similar, and both prohibit the occurrence of an agent argument. The structural aspect of the prefix k@-(@=schwa) and ka- are studied in details here, and this might be important to the understanding of the rGyalrongic grammar.

References
Chomsky, N. (1970) “Remarks on nominalization”, in Readings in English Transformational Grammar, eds. By R. A. Jacobs and P. S. Rosenbaum, 184-221. Waltham, Mass.: Ginn.
---- (1986) Knowledge of Language. New York: Praeger.
Comrie, B. (1976) “The syntax of action nominals: a cross-linguistic study”, Lingua 40: 177-201.
---- (1981) Language Universals and Linguistic Typology. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
---- and S. A. Thompson (1985) “Lexical nominalization”, in Language Typology and Syntactic Description, vol. III: Grammatical categories and the Lexicon, ed. by T. Shopen, 349-98. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Delancy, S. (1981) “An interpretation of split ergativity and related patterns”, Language 57.3: 626-57.
Dixon, R. M. W. (1994) Ergativity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
---- (1995) “Complement clauses and complementation strategies,” in Grammar and Meaning. ed. by F. R. Palmer, 175-220. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ebert, K. H. (1987) “Grammatical marking of speech act participants in Tibeto-Burman”. Journal of Pragmatics 11: 473-82.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1994) An Introduction to Functional Grammar, 2nd. Ed. London: Edward Arnold.
Huang, Bu-Fan (1991) "Qiangyuzhi (The Qiangic branch)", in Hanzangyu Gailun (Introduction to Sino-Tibetan languages), ed. by Xue-Liang Ma, 208-369. Beijing: Beijing University Press.
---- (1997) "Yuanshi Zangmienyu dongci houzhuei *-s de yiji (The residue of Proto-Tibeto-Burman verbal suffix *-s)". Minzu Yuwen 1: 1-7.
Huang, Liang-Rong (1993) "Jiarongyu qianzhuei ta- t@-(@=schwa) ka- k@-(@=schwa) de yufazuoveng (The usage of the rGyalrong prefixes ta-, t@-(@=schwa), ka-, and k@-(@=schwa))". Minzu Yuwen 3: 26-31.
Hsieh, Feng-Fan (1999) Theoretical Aspects of Zhoukeji rGyalrong Phonology. MA Thesis. National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
Keenan, E. L. (1976) “Towards a universal definition of subject”, in Subject and Topic, ed. by C. N. Li, 303-333. NY: Academic Press.
---- (1985) “Relative clauses”, in Language Typology and Syntactic Description, vol. II: Complex Constructions, ed. by T. Shopen, 141-70. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
---- and B. Comrie (1977) “Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar”. Linguistic Inquiry 8.1: 63-99.
---- and B. Comrie (1979) “Data on the noun phrase accessibility hierarchy”. Language 55.2: 333-51.
Kiparsky, P. and C. Kiparsky (1971) “Fact”, in Semantics: An Interdisciplinary Reader in Philosophy, Linguistics and Psychology, eds. by D. D. Steinberg and L. A. Jakobovits, 345-69. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koptjevskara-Tamm, M. (1993) Nominalizations. New York: Routledge.
Krifka et. al. (1995) “Genericity: An introduction”, in The Generic Book, eds. by G. N. Carlson, and F. J. Pelletier, 1-124. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kratzer, A. (1995) “Stage-level and individual-level predicates”, in The Generic Book, eds. by G. N. Carlson, and F. J. Pelletier, 125-75. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Lin, Xiang-Rong (1983) “Jiarongyu goucifa yenjiu (A study of rGyalrong morphology)”. Minzu Yuwen 3: 47-58.
---- (1993) Jiarongyu Yenjiu (A Study of rGyalrong). Chengdu: Sichuan Nationality Press.
Lin, You-Jing (2000) Tense, Aspect, and Modality Inflection in the Zhoukeji rGyalrong Verb. MA Thesis. National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
Mei, Kuang (ms.) "Nominalization and agreement in rGyalrong", National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
Noonan, M. (1985) “Complementation”, in Language Typology and Syntactic Description, vol. II: Complex Constructions, ed. by T. Shopen, 42-140. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Payne, T. E. (1997) Describing Morphosyntax: A Guide For Field Linguists. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Sun, Hong-Kai (1982) “Qiangyu zhishu wenti chutan (An initial exploration on Qiangic genealogy)”, in Minzu Yuwen Lunwenji (Papers on Minority Languages). Xining: Qinghai Nationality Press.
Sun, Jackson T.-S. (1998) “Nominal morphology in Caodeng rGyalrong”, The Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Vol.69, Part 1. 103-149.
---- (1999) "Caodeng Jiarongyu de rentungdengdi ji qi xiangguan yufa xianxiang (Empathy hierarchy and related syntactic phenomena in Caodeng rGyalrong)". Paper presented at the Workshop on Qiangic Languages and Linguistics, Nov. 6-7, 1999, Academia Sinica.
---- (2000) “Parallelisms in the verbal morphology of Sidaba rGyalrong and Lavrung in rGyalrongic”, Language and inguistics 1.1: 161-190.
---- (2000b) “Stem alternation in Puxi verb inflection: toward validating the rGyalrongic subgroup in Qiangic”, Language and Linguistics 1.2: 211-32.
---- (forthcoming) "Caodeng rGyalrong", in Sino-Tibetan Languages, eds. by G. Thurgood and R. J. Lapolla. Surrey: Curzon Press.
---- (ms.) “The irrealis category in rGyalrong”, Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.
Tsai, Dylan W.-T. (1997) “On the absence of island effects”, The Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies, New Series 27.1: 125-49.