生質柴油是利用各種植物油脂或動物油脂做為生產原料，經轉酯化反應所產生的生質燃料，具生物可分解性、無毒、燃燒後污染性低等優點。轉爐石是煉鋼過程中產出之副產物，台灣每年約有120萬噸之多，但因煉鋼過程會添加石灰石當作助熔劑，導致其中含有大量的氧化鈣，置於水中呈強鹼性，若隨意傾倒容易污染土質與水源。近年來，政府致力於轉爐石的循環利用，主要是將處理過後的轉爐石應用於道路鋪面。本研究旨在擴展轉爐石的應用層面，以提升其價值。
轉爐石的強鹼特性非常適合作為生質柴油的轉酯化觸媒。因此，本實驗首先以XRF、TOF-SIMS與MP-AES分析轉爐石中的金屬組成比例，並確認氧化鈣是其中主要進行催化的金屬氧化物。接下來使用TGA來評估轉爐石適合的鍛燒溫度以及使用SEM觀測鍛燒前後轉爐石的變化。實驗首先以轉爐石與甲醇反應轉酯大豆油，並使用田口實驗優化探討轉酯化反應時間、油醇莫耳比、轉爐石添加量與反應溫度等實驗條件，以達到較高的轉酯化效率。在優化條件下，轉爐石的前處理，需經過約4小時、750℃的鍛燒以活化觸媒，轉酯化反應則需以油醇莫爾比1:6、溫度80℃、反應時間6小時、觸媒比例15%以及水含量0.1%轉酯化廢食用油，可獲得與大豆油轉酯化相似的結果，轉酯化效率均落在70%左右，且無明顯皂化現象產生。

Biodiesel is a biofuel produced by transesterification using various vegetable or animal fats as raw materials. It has the advantages of biodegradability, non-toxicity, and low pollution after combustion. Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag is a by-product produced in the steel making process. Limestone is added as a flux during the steel making process, resulting in BOF slag being an alkaline solid.
The strong alkaline characteristic of BOF slag is very suitable as a transesterification catalyst for biodiesel. This study first analyzed the metal composition in BOF slag by XRF, TOF-SIMS, and MP-AES. The results confirmed that the calcium oxide was the main catalyst. Next, BOF slag was used to catalyze the transesterification of methanol and soybean oil. Taguchi method was applied to obtain the optimal experimental conditions for the transesterification reaction. The results showed that the pretreatment of BOF slag required calcination at 750℃ for 4 hours. Moreover, the best experimental parameters of the transesterification in this study were: oil methanol ratio at 6, reaction temperature at 80℃, 6 hours reaction time, catalyst ratio of 15%, and water content of 0.1%. Applying this result to the transesterification of waste cooking oil, the transesterification efficiency was around 70%, and no significant saponification occurred.

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