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研究生： 林淑鈴
論文名稱： 奈米級導電性二氧化鈦/聚苯乙烯奈米複合材料之性質及抗靜電特性
指導教授： 金惟國
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2003
畢業學年度： 91
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 88
中文關鍵詞： 聚苯乙烯 、奈米金屬氧化物 、抗靜電 、奈米複合材料
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    • 本研究主要的目的是將導電性奈米金屬氧化物(TiO2)摻混至熱塑性塑膠(聚苯乙烯, PS)，以製備具抗靜電特性的熱塑性塑膠。TiO2為無機填料，研究中採用Phenyl Triethoxysilane及KBM-503兩種矽烷偶合劑，對TiO2進行表面改質，使有機化的TiO2能與PS的相容性獲得改善。摻混的方法分別採溶液混合及熔融混合，比較這兩種不同方法所製備的奈米複合材料塊材，其各項性質之異同。由研究結果中發現，PS加入TiO2之後，材料的熱穩定度提高，但機械性質卻下降，即使在11.34vol% (40wt%)的TiO2摻雜量下，電阻值降低的程度仍無法達到抗靜電的要求。其原因為採用熱壓製程所製備的塊材表面，易有一層PS絕緣層存在，使得其電阻值無法降低。
    製程改以溶液刮膜的方法，製備奈米複合膜。由實驗的結果得知，PS加入TiO2之後，奈米複合膜的熱穩定度提升，且僅需3vol% (13.39wt%)TiO2摻雜量，即能有效的降低PS的電阻值至106Ω-cm，達到材料抗靜電之要求。

    摘要 I 謝誌 II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VIII 第一章. 緒論 1 第二章. 理論與文獻回顧 3 2.1. 靜電簡介 3 2.1.1. 靜電及靜電放電之定義 4 2.1.2. 靜電及靜電放電的影響要素 4 2.1.3. 不同材質對靜電荷的影響 7 2.1.4. ESD危害 9 2.2. 抗靜電原理 12 2.3. 靜電防止劑 12 2.3.1. 靜電防止劑之作用機制 15 2.4. 高分子導電複合材料 18 2.4.1. 碳材的特性及導電機制 19 2.4.2. 碳材用於靜電防護之應用 21 2.4.3. 導電性金屬氧化物 21 2.4.4. 金屬氧化物用於靜電防護之應用 22 2.5. 結構型導電性高分子 24 2.6. 偶合劑的功能 26 2.6.1. 偶合劑用於填料分散之相關文獻 28 第三章. 實驗材料、設備及實驗方法 30 3.1. 實驗藥品及設備 30 3.1.1. 實驗藥品 30 3.1.2. 實驗設備 31 3.2. 實驗方法 32 3.2.1. 有機改質奈米金屬氧化物TiO2 33 3.2.2. 聚苯乙烯/金屬氧化物TiO2奈米複合材料製備 34 3.3. 測試方法 36 3.3.1. TiO2粒子在油/水相的分散行為觀察 36 3.3.2. UV-Visible 36 3.3.3. 金屬氧化物TiO2表面官能基的測定 36 3.3.4. 熱重量分析儀 36 3.3.5. 微分掃描熱卡計 36 3.3.6. 掃描式電子顯微鏡 37 3.3.7. 機械性質測定 37 3.3.8. 複合材料電阻值測定 38 第四章. 結果與討論 40 4.1. 奈米金屬氧化物TiO2的改質效果 40 4.1.1. 改質粒子鑑定(DRIFT) 40 4.1.2. 粒子在油/水相的分散行為觀察 40 4.1.3. 粒子改質前後的熱重量損失分析(TGA) 41 4.2. TiO2/PS奈米複合材料的性質探討-熱壓法 41 4.2.1. 材料的熱性質分析 41 4.2.1.1. 微分掃描熱卡計(DSC)分析 41 4.2.1.2. 熱重量損失分析(TGA) 42 4.2.2. 機械性質 43 4.2.3. 電氣性質 46 4.2.4. 截面型態分析 46 4.3. TiO2/PS奈米複合材料的性質探討-溶液刮膜法 47 4.3.1. 固溶比之影響 47 4.3.2. 熱重量損失分析(TGA) 48 4.3.3. 紫外-可見光譜儀分析(UV-Vis) 49 4.3.4. 電氣性質 50 4.3.5. 截面型態分析 50 第五章. 結論 82 參考文獻 83

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