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研究生： 溫芝蘭
論文名稱： 臺灣淡水產水輪蟲首科之分類學研究
A taxonomic study of freshwater rotifers Epiphanina in Taiwan
指導教授： 楊樹森
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱：
論文出版年： 2005
畢業學年度： 94
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 112
中文關鍵詞： 水輪蟲首科 、輪蟲
外文關鍵詞： Epiphanina, rotifer
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    • 自2004年1月至2005年8月止，採集台灣各地的靜水水域，總計採獲七百零三個淡水浮游動物樣品，發現水輪蟲首科（Epiphanina）共有 3 科 5 屬 25 種，（一）腔輪蟲科（Lecanidae）：柔韌腔輪蟲Lecane flexilis (Gosse, 1886)、蹄形腔輪蟲Lecane ungulate (Gosse, 1887)、尾片腔輪蟲Lecane leontina (Turner, 1892)、彎角腔輪蟲 Lecane curvicornis (Murray, 1913)、月形腔輪蟲Lecane luna (O.F. Müller, 1776)、凹頂腔輪蟲Lecane papuana (Murray, 1913)、細爪腔輪蟲Lecane tenuiseta Harring, 1914、羅氏腔輪蟲Lecane ludwigii (Eckstein, 1883)、突紋腔輪蟲Lecane hornemanni (Ehrenberg, 1834)、沙鈴腔輪蟲Lecane rhytida Harring and Myers, 1926、飾紋腔輪蟲Lecane signifera (Jennings, 1896)、四齒單趾輪蟲Monostyla quadridentata Ehrenberg, 1832、尖角單趾輪蟲Monostyla hamata Stokes, 1896、史氏單趾輪蟲Monostyla stenroosi Meissner, 1908、尖趾單趾輪蟲Monostyla closterocerca Schmarda, 1859、尖爪單趾輪蟲Monostyla cornuta (Müller, 1786)、爪趾單趾輪蟲Monostyla unguitata Fadeev, 1925、月形單趾輪蟲Monostyla lunairs (Ehrenberg, 1832)、囊形單趾輪蟲Monostyla bulla Gosse, 1851、凹緣單趾輪蟲Monostyla goinata Harring and Myers, 1926、梨形單趾輪蟲Monostyla pyriformis Daday, 1905、叉爪單趾輪蟲Monostyla furcata Murray, 1913；（二）前翼輪蟲科（Proalidae）：擬疱前翼輪蟲Proales cryptopus Wulfert, 1935；（三）水輪蟲科（Epiphanidae）：前額犀輪蟲Rhinoglena frontalis Ehrenberg, 1853、管形彎弓輪蟲Cyrtonia tuba (Ehrenberg, 1834)。
    從所發現的25種水水輪蟲首科種類中有14種是台灣新記錄種，分別是：蹄形腔輪蟲、尾片腔輪蟲、彎角腔輪蟲、沙鈴腔輪蟲、飾紋腔輪蟲、四齒單趾輪蟲、尖爪單趾輪蟲、爪趾單趾輪蟲、凹緣單趾輪蟲、梨形單趾輪蟲、叉爪單趾輪蟲、擬疱前翼輪蟲、前額犀輪蟲、管形彎弓輪蟲。

    This study has been concentrated on morphological taxonomy of Epiphanina rotifers in Taiwan from 2004 to 2005. There were 703 samples that collected from various freshwater habitats in Taiwan Island. After the detailed comparison of external morphology was made, 25 species of 5 genera in 3 families were identified. They are: (1)Family Lecanidae: Lecane flexilis (Gosse, 1886), Lecane ungulate (Gosse, 1887), Lecane leontina (Turner, 1892), Lecane curvicornis (Murray, 1913), Lecane luna (O.F. Müller, 1776), Lecane papuana (Murray, 1913), Lecane tenuiseta Harring, 1914, Lecane ludwigii (Eckstein, 1883), Lecane hornemanni (Ehrenberg, 1834), Lecane rhytida Harring and Myers, 1926, Lecane signifera (Jennings, 1896), Monostyla quadridentata Ehrenberg, 1832, Monostyla hamata Stokes, 1896, Monostyla stenroosi Meissner, 1908, Monostyla closterocerca Schmarda, 1859, Monostyla cornuta (Müller, 1786), Monostyla unguitata Fadeev, 1925, Monostyla lunairs (Ehrenberg, 1832), Monostyla bulla Gosse, 1851, Monostyla goinata Harring and Myers, 1926, Monostyla pyriformis Daday, 1905, Monostyla furcata Murray, 1913；(2) Family Proalidae : Proales cryptopus Wulfert, 1935；(3) Family Proalidae : Rhinoglena frontalis Ehrenberg, 1853, Cyrtonia tuba (Ehrenberg, 1834).
    Among the 25 species, 14 species are new records to Taiwan. They are Lecane ungulate , Lecane leontina , Lecane curvicornis , Lecane rhytida , Lecane signifera , Monostyla quadridentata, Monostyla cornuta, Monostyla unguitata, Monostyla goinata , Monostyla pyriformis , Monostyla furcata , Proales cryptopus , Rhinoglena frontalis , Cyrtonia tuba.

    壹、摘 要 (一)中文摘要………………………………………………1 (二)英文摘要………………………………………………2 貳、前 言…………………………………………………………………3 參、材 料 與 方 法……………………………………………………11 肆、結 果……………………………………………………………… 13 (一)、台灣淡水產水輪蟲首科之檢索表………………………………14 (二)、分 類 描 述 (1) 腔輪蟲科 Lecanidae………………………………………………16 (2) 前翼輪蟲科 Proalidae……………………………………………39 (3) 水輪蟲科 Epiphanidae……………………………………………40 伍、討 論……………………………………………………………… 42 陸、參 考 文 獻……………………………………………………… 45 柒、表 表一 台灣地區淡水水輪蟲首科名錄及其相關研究……………53 表二 台灣淡水產水輪蟲首科之生態特性………………………54 表三 與亞洲其他地區水輪蟲首科之比較………………………55 捌、圖 Fig. 1 台灣淡水產水輪蟲首科採集點…………………………56 Fig. 2 水輪蟲首科模式圖………………………………………57 Fig. 3 柔韌腔輪蟲Lecane flexilis分佈圖……………………58 Fig. 4 Lecane flexilis, ventral view.(柔韌腔輪蟲腹面圖)59 Fig. 5 蹄形腔輪蟲Lecane ungulate分佈圖……………………60 Fig. 6 Lecane ungulata, ventral view.(蹄形腔輪蟲腹面圖)61 Fig. 7 尾片腔輪蟲Lecane leontina分佈圖……………………62 Fig. 8 Lecane leontina, ventral view.(尾片腔輪蟲腹面圖)63 Fig. 9 彎角腔輪蟲Lecane curvicornis分佈圖 ………………64 Fig. 10A Lecane curvicornis, ventral view.(彎角腔輪蟲腹面圖—有刻紋) 65 Fig. 10B Lecane curvicornis, dorsal view.(彎角腔輪蟲背面圖—有刻紋) 65 Fig. 10C Lecane curvicornis, ventral view.(彎角腔輪蟲腹面圖—無刻紋) 65 Fig. 11 月形腔輪蟲Lecane luna分佈圖 ………………………66 Fig. 12 Lecane luna, ventral view.(月形腔輪蟲腹面圖)…67 Fig. 13 凹頂腔輪蟲Lecane papuana分佈圖……………………68 Fig. 14 Lecane papuan, ventral view.(凹頂腔輪蟲腹面圖)69 Fig. 15 細爪腔輪蟲Lecane tenuiseta分佈圖…………………70 Fig. 16 Lecane tenuiseta, ventral view.(細爪腔輪蟲腹圖)71 Fig. 17 羅氏腔輪蟲Lecane ludwigii分佈圖…………………72 Fig. 18A Lecane ludwigii, ventral view.(羅氏腔輪蟲腹面圖)73 Fig. 18B Lecane ludwigii, dorsal view.(羅氏腔輪蟲背面圖)73 Fig. 19 突紋腔輪蟲Lecane hornemanni分佈圖………………74 Fig. 20 Lecane hornemanni, ventral view(突紋腔輪蟲背面圖)75 Fig. 21 沙鈴腔輪蟲Lecane rhytida分佈圖…………………76 Fig. 22 Lecane rhytida, ventral view.(沙鈴腔輪蟲腹面圖)77 Fig. 23 飾紋腔輪蟲Lecane signifera分佈圖…………………78 Fig. 24A Lecane signifera , dorsal view(飾紋腔輪蟲背面圖) 79 Fig. 24B Lecane signifera , ventral view(飾紋腔輪蟲腹面圖) 79 Fig. 25 四齒單趾輪蟲Monostyla quadridentata分佈圖……80 Fig. 26 Monostyla quadridentata, ventral view. (四齒單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 81 Fig. 27 尖角單趾輪蟲Monostyla hamata分佈圖………………82 Fig. 28 Monostyla hamata, ventral view.(尖角單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 83 Fig. 29 史氏單趾輪蟲Monostyla stenroosi分佈圖…………84 Fig. 30 Monostyla stenroosi, ventral view. (史氏單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 85 Fig. 31 尖趾單趾輪蟲Monostyla closterocerca分佈圖……86 Fig. 32A Monostyla closterocerca, ventral view.(尖趾單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 87 Fig. 32B Monostyla closterocerca, dorsal view.(尖趾單趾輪蟲背面圖) 87 Fig. 33 尖爪單趾輪蟲Monostyla cornuta分佈圖……………88 Fig. 34 Monostyla cornuta, ventral view.(尖爪單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 89 Fig. 35 爪趾單趾輪蟲Monostyla unguitata分佈圖…………90 Fig. 36 Monostyla unguitata, ventral view.(爪趾單趾輪蟲腹面圖 91 Fig. 37 月形單趾輪蟲Monostyla lunairs分佈圖……………92 Fig. 38 Monostyla lunairs, ventral view.(月形單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 93 Fig. 39 囊形單趾輪蟲Monostyla bulla分佈圖………………94 Fig. 40A Monostyla bulla, ventral view.(囊形單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 95 Fig. 40B Monostyla bulla, dorsal view.(囊形單趾輪蟲背面圖) 95 Fig. 41 凹緣單趾輪蟲Monostyla goinata分佈圖……………96 Fig. 42 Monostyla goniata, ventral view.(凹緣單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 97 Fig. 43 梨形單趾輪蟲Monostyla pyriformis分佈圖…………98 Fig. 44 Monostyla pyriformis, ventral view.(梨形單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 99 Fig. 45 叉爪單趾輪蟲Monostyla furcata分佈圖……………100 Fig. 46 Monostyla furcata, ventral view.(叉爪單趾輪蟲腹面圖) 101 Fig. 47 擬疱前翼輪蟲Proales cryptopus分佈圖……………102 Fig. 48 Proales cryptopus, ventral view.(擬疱前翼輪蟲腹面圖) 103 Fig. 49 前額犀輪蟲Rhinoglena frontalis分佈圖…………104 Fig. 50 Rhinoglena frontalis, ventral view.(前額犀輪蟲腹面圖) 105 Fig. 51 管形彎弓輪蟲Cyrtonia tuba分佈圖…………………106 Fig. 52 Cyrtonia tuba, lateral view.(管形彎弓輪蟲側面圖) 107 玖、照 片………………………………………………………………108

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