當材料尺寸縮小至奈米等級，常伴隨有不同於塊材的特性，奈米材料的合成與研究因此吸引了許多的研究目光，本論文的研究主題即在於奈米鈮酸鈉及二氧化鈦的性質研究。首先將微米級原料在不同環境下以低溫迴流法反應數天，並進一步處理得到各式樣貌的氧化物，包括鈮酸鈉奈米線及奈米方塊、二氧化鈦奈米棒及具有雙晶的奈米棒，並且分別量測其壓電常數以及光催化分解污染物的特性。再者，光催化效應仍是一門新穎的學門，其作用機制往往因合成條件的略為差異而有所不同，因而限制了一致而明確的機制建立；鑒於此，本研究以市售的二氧化鈦粉末為研究材料，探討奈米級與微米級二氧化鈦粉末的異同，期望能完整解釋兩者在此效應中所扮演的角色，並能加以應用在其他光觸媒系統。
以微米級五氧化二鈮為原料，在氫氧化鈉水溶液中反應分別得到屬於斜方晶(orthorhombic)結構的鈮酸鈉奈米方塊與具有八面體微孔狀結構的鈮酸鈉水合物奈米線。並以臨場變溫結晶繞射分析，發現在攝氏四百度以上奈米線結構內的結晶水會脫水離開，並且結構逐漸轉為正方晶(tetragonal)結構；當溫度再降至四百度以下，結構轉為略為不規則的斜方晶(orthorhombic)結構。此相轉變為可逆反應，經過高溫再結晶後的奈米線，以壓電力顯微奈米探針量測到，顯示在未經過電場高溫極化處理即具有壓電特性，有別於未經過極化不具壓電性的塊材。
其次，以微米級二氧化鈦為原料，在氫氧化鈉的水溶液中反應得到鈦酸鹽奈米線；進一步以此奈米材料為原料，在鹽酸水溶液反應得到形貌均一、叢聚直徑約為50奈米的金紅石相二氧化鈦奈米棒，其外表面大部分為金紅石相最穩定的{110}晶面。為了進一步得到長寬比更高的產物，在起始溶液中加入大量的氯化鈉，由此得到了直徑為5奈米的奈米棒。將得到的奈米棒進行液相照光分解污染物的測試，發現奈米棒具有優異的催化能力，並且在雙氧水環境下，其分解污染物的能力甚至與著名的P25相當。
另外，在反應過程施加燈泡照射，發現原本的奈米棒側面都長出了許多分支，經過鑑定仍為純金紅石相，藉由穿隧電子顯微鏡分析得知主幹與分支為雙晶結構，以{101}面為雙晶介面，然而其在水相內的光催化能力卻下降許多，這同時表示照光反應確實改變了整體的性質。
另外，為明確了解奈米及微米級銳鈦相二氧化鈦光觸媒特性的不同，以市售的二氧化鈦粉末為研究材料，分別進行了各自在不同酸檢環境下的光觸媒分解污染表現，結果顯示，奈米粒子在pH值越高的環境下催化能力越好，而微米粒子則在pH3有一極高的峰值。藉由量測其分別在不同酸鹼環境下的載子電位，了解到奈米尺寸對光觸媒粒子所帶來的影響; 藉由兩者所量測到的不同電位發現，在微米粒子上的激發電子可以傳導到能帶位置較低的奈米粒子導帶，因此將兩者以1:1的比例混合得到一個新的光觸媒系統， 如電位所預測，兩者可在一寬廣的pH範圍內產生電荷轉移，而得到加強的光觸媒能力，相較於市售P25毫不遜色。

Chapter 1
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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