隨著現代科技和工業的快速發展，環境污染日益嚴重。工業製造伴隨的主要污染物包括廢水、廢氣和噪音。其中排放含有多種重金屬廢水是引起水污染的主要原因，也是最嚴重的環境污染之一。重金屬污染的水將進一步影響人類生活所需的灌溉系統、食物和飲用水。水污染中常見的重金屬有鉛、汞、鎘、鉻和砷。汞離子很容易進入並在人體內累積，破壞內臟、骨骼、神經系統，甚至致癌。由於水、食物、甚至中藥材中的重金屬離子是無色無味的，因此在普通家庭中很難檢測到。
檢測水中的汞含量常見的做法是取樣並使用大型的實驗儀器做檢測，儘管這些機台有很好的偵測極限，但這樣不但耗費時間而且並非所有人都會操作，而其他小型的檢測儀器未必有這麼好的偵測極限，因此透過實驗室的研究，將特定序列適體與擴展柵極的場效電晶體相結合，形成適體場效電晶體感測器，來同時獲得等同於或是優於實驗室大型設備的偵測極限以及小型的檢測儀器的高效跟方便可攜式的特點。

With the rapid development of modern technology and industry, environmental pollution has become more and more serious. The main pollutants accompanied with industry including wastewater, exhaust gas, and noise. Among them, water pollution, which caused by wastewater contained many different heavy metals, is one of the most serious environmental pollution. Heavy metal contaminated water will further affect the irrigation system, food, and drinking water needed in human life. The heavy metals commonly observed in water pollution are lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and mercury. Mercury ion can easily enter and accumulate in human body, resulting in destroying the internal organs, bones, nervous system, and even causing cancer. However, it is hard to detect in ordinary households due to the features of colorless and tasteless of heavy metal ions in water, food, or even traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The extended gate aptamer-based FET sensor provides a simple operation and a cheap machine and a good performance in detecting mercury ion. This research combines specific sequence aptamer with extended gate FET, and introducing the electric double layer structure attain efficient and good performance which is better than the equipment in the laboratory.

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