研究生: |
張炯星 CHANG, CHIUNG-HSING |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
以成本結構為基礎探討高單價產品是高獲利的迷思 |
指導教授: | 吳鑄陶 |
口試委員: | |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工學院 - 工業工程與工程管理學系 Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management |
論文出版年: | 2004 |
畢業學年度: | 92 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 63 |
中文關鍵詞: | 成本結構 、傳統成本制度 、作業基礎成本制度 、隱性成本 |
外文關鍵詞: | Cost Structure, Traditional Cost System, Activity-Based Costing, Hidden Cost |
相關次數: | 點閱:2 下載:0 |
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台灣中小企業由於它們在資金、人才與相關經營資源的缺乏與弱勢,在回應內外部環境的衝擊時,其所能做的選擇就比較有限。一般而言,朝著新式樣、新功能、新材質等附加價值提升的產品升級方式,是較為常見的。
然而,企業的生存發展是否會隨著產品的升級,相對的提高單價與營收?又需要付出何種代價才能達成升級的目標?而且,企業又該如何確認產品的升級會帶來較高的獲利?因此,產品升級必能提高單價,高單價產品必定是高附加價值、高獲利性的,會不會是一種迷思?
本研究係以傳統的製鞋業為研究對象,以作業基礎成本制的觀點為基礎,對個案公司產品的標準成本加以剖析,期望釐清『高單價、高獲利』的可能迷思;並試圖由剖析影響成本結構變動的參數,及成本結構與決策的關係之分析中,推導出一套適合於包括製鞋業在內的中小企業,可資參考的改良式傳統成本制度;除了成本結構中清楚可辨的顯性成本外,並補充探討可能影響決策的隱性成本。
由本研究的分析,其主要的發現可歸納如下列結論:
一、傳統成本制度下,產品成本存在扭曲現象。
二、高單價產品不一定是高獲利產品。
三、影響成本結構變動的參數,都與最後的產出數量有關。
四、不同生命週期的產品,其成本結構是不同的。
五、決策時除成本結構外也應考慮產能利用率問題。
六、決策時須注意隱性成本的因素。
Small-and-medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan are lacking funds, personnel and appropriate management resources. To deal with global and local challenges, many companies have few choices for change. Because of this, all they can do is to upgrade their products by creating new models, new functions, new materials, etc…. this added value is the most common way to face those challenges.
However, do those companies increase their prices and profits through upgrading their products? Or are there any other costs that have to be paid to reach this goal of upgrading? And how can they be sure that there will be higher profits? So, can upgrading products raise prices? Does higher unit priced products mean higher added value and higher profit products? Or are these just all myths?
The topic of this thesis is focused on the shoe industry. Based on an ABC viewpoint, we analyzed the production cost structure of this case study company. Our aim was to clear the myth of “Higher prices, Higher profits”. We wanted to analyze the effect different parameters have on the cost structure and in the relationship between cost structure and strategy, in order to have an improved traditional cost system that is suitable for small-and-medium-sized enterprises including those in the shoe industry. This cost structure would then clearly indicate the obvious costs and also any influence that hidden costs have on the dominant strategy.
The major finding of this study are summarized as follows:
1.In the traditional cost system, product costs have a distorted situation.
2.Higher unit prices do not necessarily translate into higher profit products.
3.The parameters that affect the cost structure are related to the final output quantity.
4.Different life cycle products are in different cost structures.
5.Decision-making must consider production capacity in addition to the cost structure.
6.Decision-making must take into consideration the hidden cost elements.
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