利用鹼性水熱法可以成功的製作出各式不同型態的鈦酸鹽奈米結構材料，包括奈米薄片、奈米管、奈米線以及奈米緞帶。利用壓力釜與微波輔助輻射之兩種水熱法方法來製作鈦酸鹽奈米材料，從以往的研究報告中發現不同的參數會影響水熱法製作出的產物。在此篇研究中，系統性的探討鹼性水熱法製備方法中幾個重要的參數，包括水熱法的溫度、初始材料、鹼性水溶液的濃度、二氧化鈦固體原料與鹼性水溶液的比例，以及後續處理步驟等，並且交叉比對其參數的影響。使用商業販售之Degussa P-25與ST-01 (ISK) 二氧化鈦粉末與利用溶膠凝膠法自製的二氧化鈦奈米顆粒做為初始材料，加入3 到 10 M 的氫氧化鈉水溶液中，在壓力釜系統下，調控水熱加溫溫度在攝氏60度到230度之間，加熱一至三天；而在微波輔助輻射系統下，調控水熱加溫溫度在攝氏90度到180度之間，加熱一至二小時。發現產物會隨著水熱法加溫溫度的升高，其型態也會隨之轉變，依序從奈米顆粒/奈米薄片、奈米管、奈米線最後變成奈米緞帶結構。且發現使用不同的初始材料，隨著水熱法溫度的不同，晶形轉變模式亦不相同。在鹼性水熱法中，在相對較弱的鹼性溶液 (5 M)下，一維的奈米結構仍可以被製作出來。而後續處理步驟中，熱穩定測試是利用鍛燒一維奈米結構材料，晶形會在攝氏300度時轉換成 TiO2(B) 的晶形，溫度再升高時，晶形則會轉成銳鈦礦的型態。此外，在不同製作條件下，對於水熱法產物的能帶特性分析中，一維的鈦酸鹽奈米材料之能帶普遍比二氧化鈦奈米顆粒之能帶要大，且其能帶大小會隨水熱法製作過程中的溫度升高，而有較大的能帶。利用比表面積分析儀分析利用鹼性水熱法生成之產物，發現可以製作出來的產物之表面積大於500每克平方公尺，其數值約略為初始材料的10倍。因此，利用此方法生成之一維的鈦酸鹽奈米材料能具有相當的潛力能廣泛的應用在催化、氣體感測器、鋰電池、染料敏化太陽能電池以及生物材料等領域。

Various morphologies of one-dimensional (1-D) nanostructured titanate materials including nanosheets, nanotubes, nanowires and nanoribbons have been synthesized by the alkaline hydrothermal method. However, the morphology and microstructure of the TiO2-derived nanostructured material are highly dependent on the preparation conditions. In this study, the effect of preparation conditions in terms of hydrothermal temperature, duration, nature of raw materials, alkaline concentration, ratios of TiO2 to caustic concentrations, washing step and post-heat treatment on the change in morphology, dimension and surface area of the nanostructured materials synthesized by conventional hydrothermal and microwave-assisted methods was systematically investigated. Three different TiO2 raw materials, Degussa P-25, ST-01 and sol-gel-derived TiO2 particles serving as the starting materials were added in 3-10 M NaOH solution at hydrothermal temperature of 60-230 □C for 1-3 d using pressure bomb system and at 90-180 □C for 1-2 h using microwave-assisted method. The morphology changed from nanoparticles/nanosheets, nanotubes, nanowires and then to nanoribbon as the hydrothermal temperatures increased from 60 to 230 □C. ST-01 has a relatively high reactivity than that of P-25 and sol-gel-derived TiO2 nanoparticle to form nanostructured material under mild conditions. In addition, the 1-D nanostructured materials have phase transformation during post-heat treatment process when calcination temperature was higher than 300 □C and the crystalline phase transferred from titanante H2Ti¬3O7¬ nanotubes to TiO2 (B) and then to anatase phase. Bandgaps of hydrothermal products have also been characterized using UV-Vis. The bandgaps of 1-D titanate nanomaterials are generally larger than TiO2 nanoparticles and increased upon increasing hydrothermal temperature. Hydrothermal products with large surface area (> 500 m2/g) have also been fabricated in this study. 1-D titanate nanomaterials have a promising potential to be applied in catalysis, gas sensor, DSSC, and biomaterial.

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