質譜法(MS)是一種成熟的強大分析技術。其概念是誕生於湯姆森的陰極射線管實驗。當電離氖離子傳送到電場和磁場中時，湯姆森觀察到兩束偏折光束並利用照相底片記錄它們。從這個實驗證明了世界上存在 20 Ne和 22 Ne氖同位素。後來，湯姆森的同事阿斯頓(Aston)研究了他的理論，並在1919年研發了功能齊全的質譜儀。幾十年後，Paul在20世紀60年代發明了四極柱，而它是許多質譜儀的核心。Finnigan Corporation (Thermo Fisher Scientific)將MS電腦化，增強了其功能。在將這些儀器商業化的過程中，Finnigan估計此質譜儀可在全球銷售10台儀器。然而多年後，MS已成為從蛋白質體學到環境分析等不同領域廣泛使用的儀器。質譜法與氣相層析、液相層析和離子遷移譜法等分離技術的聯用增強了其在複雜樣品分析中的能力和普及度。在第一章中，我簡要地介紹了我的研究計畫。在第2章描述的第一個研究計劃中，我提出了催化氧化介導萃取(COME)，它利用過氧化氫酶與過氧化氫反應釋放的氧氣從液體樣品中萃取揮發性有機化合物(VOC)。此外，我們利用低成本開源電子模組實現了提取裝置的自動化，並將此裝置與氣相層析質譜法、三重四極柱質譜法(QQQ-MS)和漂移管式離子遷移譜法系統結合起來，以證明其相容性。我們亦將COME與頂空進樣、固相微萃取和單滴微萃取進行了比較，並發現此方法具有定量液體基質中VOC的潛力。在第3章裡描述的第二個研計劃中，我展示了以印刷電路板製成的經濟型DT-IMS與商用三重四極柱質譜儀(QQQ-MS)的整合。所提出的大氣壓印刷電路板漂移管式離子遷移三重四極柱質譜儀有辦法提供有關離子源內簇形成的分子資訊。除此之外，該裝置也可以觀察涉及向分析物中添加摻雜劑的反應。該系統使用化學標準進行表徵，隨後用於分析尼古丁貼片貼在豬皮上所散發的尼古丁蒸氣以及源自變質肉類的揮發性有機化合物。

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a well established powerful analytical technique. The concept of MS was born with Thomson's cathode ray tube experiment. While transferring ionized neon ions into an electric and magnetic field, Thomson and Aston observed two deflected beams and recorded them using the photographic plate. This experiment proved the presence of neon isotopes of 20Ne and 22Ne in the world. Later on, Thomson’s coworker, Aston, worked on his theories and developed a fully functional mass spectrometer in 1919. Several decades later, in the 1960s, Paul invented quadrupole, which is the heart of many mass spectrometers. Its capabilities were enhanced by Finnigan Corporation (Thermo Fisher Scientific), which computerized MS. While commercializing the instruments, Finnigan estimated that 10 instruments could be sold worldwide. Years later, MS is a widely used instrument in different fields from proteomics to environmental analysis. Hyphenating the separation techniques such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and ion mobility spectrometry with MS enhanced its capabilities and popularity in complex sample analysis.
In Chapter 1, I give a brief introduction to my research projects. In the first project, described in Chapter 2, I presented catalytic oxygenation mediated extraction (COME), which uses oxygen liberated in the reaction of catalase and hydrogen peroxide to extract volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from liquid samples. Additionally, we automated the extraction setup using low-cost open-source electronic modules. We coupled this setup with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (QQQ-MS), and drift tube ion-mobility spectrometry systems to prove its compatibility. We also compared COME with headspace sampling, solid-phase microextraction, and single-droplet microextraction. This method has the potential of quantifying VOCs in liquid matrices. In the second project, described in Chapter 3, I presented the integration of an economical ion mobility spectrometer based on a printed circuit boards with QQQ-MS system. The presented atmospheric pressure chemical ionization printed circuit board ion mobility triple quadrupole MS system provides molecular information about the cluster formation within the ion source. Observation of reactions involving the addition of dopants to analytes is possible. The system was characterized using chemical standards and has been subsequently employed in analyses of nicotine vapor emanating from porcine skin incubated with nicotine patches and VOCs originating from spoiled meat.

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