本研究從一個經驗現象出發：流動人口占總人口的10%，卻占計劃外生育總量的60%。為解釋此一現象，我問了一組問題：在經濟轉型與大規模人口移動的脈絡下，婦女如何逃避國家對其身體的掌控？社會和經濟變遷如何創造了新的反抗機會？移動如何形成新的反抗型態？面臨基本國策受到嚴重挑戰的國家，如何將這些不受規範的人口重新納入其控制？這幾股力量又如何共同重新塑造中國的人口控制與計劃生育制度？我描述了中國生育控制制度叢結的發展，尤其是流動人口生育控制的演變。首先，我舉出三個國家生育控制機制，分別是經濟獎勵與懲罰、行政手段、與意識型態的控制；其次，我回顧了流動人口計劃生育制度的轉型過程。指出其制度建立所依恃的城鄉二元、戶籍制度內含的行政屬地管理原則，在國家為了深化經濟改革而放開人口流動後，創造了反抗的機會結構。第三，我以制度本身的缺陷與行政組織的條塊問題來呈現這個反抗的機會結構。進而指出流動人口計劃生育管理工作仍然存在著突擊性格。接著，我提出四個反抗的策略工具，分別是反抗的社會空間、移動、利用制度漏洞、以及關係網絡，說明農民如何利用此機會結構來型塑他們的行動策略，而這些舉措又如何迫使國家改進其統治技術。最後，我從宏觀的歷史視角，分析生育控制的公開文本與隱藏文本，以及二者的關係與其象徵意義；進而指出由於該隱藏文本的集體性格，已經使弱者對生育控制的抗拒發展成反抗的劇碼。

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中華人民共和國憲法
中華人民共和國人口與計劃生育法
流動人口計劃生育管理辦法
流動人口計劃生育工作管理辦法
流動人口計劃生育管理和服務工作若干規定
廣東省流動人口計劃生育工作管理辦法
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