研究生: |
鄭曉彤 Zheng, Xiao-Tong. |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
中國大陸智慧法院發展之契機與挑戰——以上海市「206」系統為例 Opportunities and Challenges for the Development of Smart Court in China—The Shanghai “206” System as a Vantage Point |
指導教授: |
林勤富
Lin, Ching-Fu |
口試委員: |
范建得
Fan, Chien-Te 陳仲嶙 Chen, Chung-Lin |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技管理學院 - 科技法律研究所 Institute of Law for Science and Technology |
論文出版年: | 2019 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 104 |
中文關鍵詞: | 智慧法院 、智能審判系統 、司法大數據分析 、人工智能輔助裁判 、正當法律程序 、透明度 、可問責性 、平等原則 |
外文關鍵詞: | Smart Court, Intelligent Judicial System, Judicial Big Data Analysis, Artificial Intelligence Assisted Judgment, Due process of law, Transparency, Accountability, Principle of equality |
相關次數: | 點閱:1 下載:0 |
分享至: |
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現代社會是一個互聯網、大數據、人工智能廣泛應用與開發的時代,法院作 為規範人們行為、維護社會公平正義的部門,它的改革發展對人們維護公民權益、 追求司法正義具有至關重要的影響。為了不斷適應社會變化與需求,國內外對於 司法體制的改革、法院的建設從未停止腳步。近年來關於建設智慧法院的舉措不 斷增加,特別是應用於人工智能、大數據分析技術研發各類智能審判系統用於輔 助辦案的現象。這些智能審判系統極大的改變了人們參與訴訟的方式和辦案人員 的辦案方式,對傳統法院、傳統司法文明有很大的衝擊。因此,本文將重點研究 智慧法院在國內外的定義、具體樣態、發展現狀與面臨的困境,談論智慧法院發 展的利弊,並提出相關意見。
本文首先觀察國內外智慧法院發展的現況,了解各國智慧法院建設之趨勢與 樣態,概述中國智慧法院的具體具體定義。其次,通過中國上海市高院研發的刑 事案件智能輔助辦案系統(「206」系統)作為深入研究的基礎,最後,通過國 內外智慧法院建設中的種種困境進行分析,結合相關學者建議與政策發展,形成 想對應的解決建議,並期望藉以此研究,能夠為智慧法院之後的建設提供相關的 意見參考。
Modern society is entering into an era in which the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence are widely developed and employed. As an institution to adjudicate disputes, shape citizens’ behavior, ensure fairness and justice, and provide remedies, the court and its reform and development play a vital role in protecting citizens' rights and interests as well as pursuit of justice. In recent years, China has adopted various measures to build a “smart court” given the growing demand of judicial reform. Such measures include the use of artificial intelligence and big data analysis technology to develop various intelligent and AI-based judicial systems to assist in handling cases. These intelligent judicial systems have greatly changed the way people participate in litigation and projected a great impact on traditional courts and traditional judicial civilization. Therefore, this Thesis focuses on the definition, specific forms, development status, and advantages and difficulties of building intelligent courts at home and abroad. It further aims to discuss the pros and cons of the development of smart courts and offers recommendations for the road ahead.
This Thesis first examines the current situation of the development of smart courts in China and other countries, unpacking the trends and patterns of the construction of smart courts in various jurisdictions and outlining the specifics for the Chinese context. Secondly, through the intelligent case-assisted judicial system for criminal cases developed by the Shanghai High Court of China (the “206” system), this Thesis conducts an in-depth research on the development of smart courts in China. This Thesis concludes by pointing to the opportunities and challenges on both normative and practical levels for the future construction of China's smart courts.
參考文獻
一、 中文文獻
1. 一般書籍
崔亞東(2018),《人工智能與司法現代化》,北京,上海人民出版社。
李林、田禾 (編)(2018),《中國法院信息化發展報告No.2(2018)》,北京: 社會科學文獻出版社。
華宇元典法律人工智能研究院(編)(2019),《讓法律人讀懂人工智能》,北京:法律出版社。
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伍紅梅(2018),〈以「大數據+機器學習」為驅動構建刑事案件判案智能預測系統〉,《人民司法(應用)》,2018年10期,頁34-40。
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錢寧峰(2018),〈論「互聯網+」法治政府建設的體系建構〉,《黑龍江社會科學》,2018年04期,頁10-17。
龍飛(2018),〈智慧法院建設的八個「關鍵字」〉,《人民法治》,2018年02期,頁33-37。
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鐘政(2018),〈基於大數據的量刑建議系統研究〉,《貴州警官職業學院學報》,2018年03期,頁49-54。
3. 報紙
人民法院報(01/30/2016),〈堅持需求和問題導向 破解難題補齊短板 推進人民法院信息化建設轉型升級〉,第01版
人民法院報(10/25/2017),〈智慧法院建設的實踐與思考〉,第005版。
人民法院報(04/27/2018),〈智慧路上「從頭越」〉,第01版。
人民法院報(03/31/2018),〈智慧法院建設贏得民心〉,第002版。
人民法院報(10/31/2018),〈智慧法院建設給司法帶來的十大變化〉,第008版。
上海法治報(05/16/2018),〈大數據何以『殺熟』?〉,第B06版。
二、 英文文獻
1. Articles
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2. Websites
AI Sector Deal, available at : https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/artificial-intelligence-sector-deal/ai-sector-deal (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
Can AI be A Fair Judge In Court? Estonia Thinks So, March 25,2019, available at : https://www.wired.com/story/can-ai-be-fair-judge-court-estonia-thinks-so/ (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
Judicial Commission of New South Wales, Judicial Information Research System (JIRS), available at : http://www.judcom.nsw.gov.au/research-and-sentencing/judicial-information-research-system-jirs (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
LegalZoom, available at : https://www.legalzoom.com/country/tw (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
Northpointe, A Practitioner's Guide to COMPAS Core, available at : http://www.northpointeinc.com/downloads/compas/Practitioners-Guide-COMPAS-Core-_031915.pdf (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
Preparing For The Future Of Artificial Intelligence, available at : https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/whitehouse_files/microsites/ostp/NSTC/preparing_for_the_future_of_ai.pdf (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
PSA, available at : https://www.psapretrial.org/ (Last Accessed: June 28, 2019).
RocketLawye, available at : https://www.rocketlawyer.com/ (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
The National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan, available at : https://www.nitrd.gov/PUBS/national_ai_rd_strategic_plan.pdf (Last Accessed: July 20, 2019).
Horrible Accidents and Blunders Caused by Google Maps,available at : https://www.ranker.com/list/accidents-caused-by-google-maps/jacob-shelton (Last Accessed :July 20, 2019)
Self-driving Uber kills Arizona woman in first fatal crash involving pedestrian, available at : https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/19/uber-self-driving-car-kills-woman-arizona-tempe (Last Accessed :July 20 2019)