時至今日，關於RFID的研究與日俱增，RFID中的主要元件[電壓轉換電路]也因而變的更為重要，本篇論文展示了其中一種電壓轉換電路，以二極體為基本的電壓增壓器的模型跟最佳化的結果。
首先是討論兩種可以應用在RFID上的電壓轉換電路，其一是電荷幫浦升壓電路，另一個是多級的穩壓器，將分別討論其操作原理。
接下來展示的是以二極體為基本的增壓器的模型建立方法以及分析，而此模型的相依係數分別有輸入電壓振幅、輸出電流(負載電流)、輸出電壓峰對峰漣波以及二極體的大小。由於必須考慮輸出電壓峰對峰漣波的影響，因此，亦展示了輸出電壓漣波的公式推導。
最後是比較相同增壓器之下模擬和本篇所設計出的模型的差異，另外再比較輸出電壓最佳化後，模擬和模型的差異，而本篇所做的模擬皆是採用台積電0.35um CMOS製程。

As researches about RFID increase, the key component of RFID, power converted circuit, becomes much more important. In this thesis, modeling and optimization of diode-based voltage multiplier circuit is presented.
First, there are two kinds of power converted circuit, charge pump and multi-stage rectifier. The operations of those two circuits are discussed. And then analysis and modeling of diode-based voltage multiplier is proposed. The proposed model includes effects of input voltage amplitude, output current (load current), output peak-to-peak ripple voltage, and diode size. Due to the effect of output ripple voltage, the derivation of output ripple voltage is also presented in this thesis.
Comparisons between simulations and predicted values from proposed model are presented. It also shows the comparisons between simulation and model after optimized. All simulations are based on TSMC 0.35um CMOS process.

[1] “An integration scheme for rf power harvesting.”H. Yan; J. Macias Montero; A. Akhnoukh; L. de Vreede; and J. Burghartz. In Proc. STW Annual Workshop on Semiconductor Advances for Future Electronics and Sensors, pp.64-66, 17-18 Nov 2005.

[2] “A 950-MHz rectifier circuit for sensor network tags with 10-m distance” Umeda, T.; Yoshida, H.; Sekine, S.; Fujita, Y.; Suzuki, T.; Otaka, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Volume 41, Issue 1, pp. 35-41, Jan. 2006

[3] “Conception of UHF voltage multiplier for RFID circuit” Bergeret Emmanuel; Jean Gaubert; Philippe Pannier; Jean-Marie Gaultier, IEEE North-East Workshop on Circuits and Systems, pp. 217- 220, June 2006

[4] “An Inductor-less Micro Solar Power Management System Design for Energy Harvesting Applications” Hui Shao; Chi-Ying Tsui; Wing-Hung Ki, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2007, pp.1353-1356, 27-30 May 2007

[5] “On-chip high-voltage generator in MNOS integrated circuits using an improved voltage multiplier technique”, J.F. Dickson, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. SC-11, no. 3, pp. 374-378, June 1976.

[6] “A new charge pump without degradation in threshold voltage due tobody effect [memory applications]” Jongshin Shin; In-Young Chung; Young June Park; Hong Shick Min, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 35, Issue 8, pp. 1227-1230, Aug 2000

[7] “Fully integrated passive UHF RFID transponder IC with 16.7-μW minimum RF input power” Karthaus U.; Fischer M., RF Commun. Div., ATMEL Germany GmbH, Ulm, Germany, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol.38, Issue 10, pp. 1602-1608, Oct. 2003

[8] “Efficient Far-Field Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Passively Powered Sensor Networks” Le, T.; Mayaram, K.; Fiez, T.
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Volume 43, Issue 5, pp. 1287-1302, May 2008

[9] “Low-Power CMOS Rectifier Design for RFID Applications” Mandal, S. Sarpeshkar, R. Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge; IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Vol.54, Issue 6, pp. 1177-1188, June 2007

[10] “A passive UHF RFID tag LSI with 36.6% efficiency CMOS-only rectifier and current-mode demodulator in 0.35μm FeRAM technology” H. Nakamoto; D. Yamazaki, et al., IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Digest of Technical Papers, pp. 310-311, Feb. 2006

[11] “Analysis and design strategy of UHF micro-power CMOS rectifiers for micro-sensor and RFID applications,” J. Yi; W.-H. Ki; C.-Y. Tsui, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular vol. 54, no. 1, pp.153–166, Jan. 2007.

[12] “A RF to DC Voltage Conversion Model for Multi-Stage Rectifiers in UHF RFID Transponders” Barnett, R.E.; Jin Liu; Lazar, S., IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Volume 44, Issue 2, pp. 354-370, Feb. 2009

[13] “Modeling and Design of CMOS UHF Voltage Multiplier for RFID in an EEPROM Compatible Process” Bergeret E.; Gaubert J.; Pannier P.; Gaultier J.M., IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, Vol. 54, Issue 10, pp.833-837, Oct. 2007

[14] “A model for μ-power rectifier analysis and design” Curty J.-P.; Joehl N.; Krummenacher F.; Dehollain C.; Declercq M.J., Electron. Labs. Swiss Fed. Inst. of Technol. Lausanne Switzerland, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular, Vol.52, Issue 12, pp. 2771- 2779, Dec. 2005