優化飛灰及工業汙泥的固化過程｜國立清華大學博碩士論文庫

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研究生：	范姜興 Fan-Chiang, Hsing.
論文名稱：	優化飛灰及工業汙泥的固化過程 Optimization of Solidification Process of Fly Ash and Industrial Sludge
指導教授：	王竹方 Wang, Chu-Fang
口試委員:	王清海黃素珍
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	原子科學院 - 生醫工程與環境科學系 Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences
論文出版年：	2018
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	89
中文關鍵詞：	固化、工業污泥、飛灰、水泥添加物
外文關鍵詞：	solidification, industrial sludge, fly ash, cement additives
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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如何安全處置或再利用含有重金屬的固體廢棄物是一個重要議題。使用固定化處理技術可以有效的達成這項目標。固定化處理技術主要分為兩類，熱處理及利用水泥的固化穩定化效果去包覆固體廢棄物。其中利用水泥系材料處理含有重金屬固體廢棄物是現行最常使用的方法，因為廢棄物會被匣限在緻密且耐久的水泥試體中，以達到與外在環境隔絕的效果。本篇研究收集了不同來源的固體廢棄物，如紙管工廠的飛灰；污水處理廠、玻璃製造廠、半導體廠及半導體封測廠的污泥。飛灰是一種波特蘭材料，具有類似水泥的性質，可以被利用在污泥的固化反應中。在這篇研究中，我們使用四種改良方法去優化固化反應，如烘乾及磨碎污泥、混和不同種汙泥、增加水泥的含量及加入水泥添加物。將經過上述方法處理後的固體廢棄物與水泥混和製成試體，並讓試體養護十四天的時間。在第三天、第七天及第十四天會利用萬能抗壓機對試體進行無圍抗壓測試。利用抗壓測試的結果來評估所用改良方法的成效。結果顯示本篇研究的改良方法可以增加抗壓強度，達到優化固化反應的效果。此外，我們也對這些改良方法的成本效益進行評估，以得到淨利潤等資料。透過本篇研究，我們可以在試體強度及成本效益中取得平衡，得到適合的試體。

Safe disposal or recycle of solid wastes containing heavy metals is a significant task for environment protection. Immobilization treatment is an effective technology to address this task. Cementitious material treatments which have been applied for decades as a final treatment procedure prior to the hazardous waste disposal or recycle are attractive immobilization treatments because the heavy metals could be encapsulated in their dense and durable matrix. In the present work, solid waste such as fly ash and industrial sludge was sampled from different sources. Fly ash was utilized in the solidification of industrial sludge since fly ash has cement-like characteristics. Modifications, such as drying raw industrial sludge, mixing different kinds of sludge samples after dried, increasing cement content, and adding cement additives were conducted to determine their effects on solidification performance. The solidified matrix was cured for 3, 7, and 14 days prior for its physical test. The results show that these modifications can improve the compressive strength of solidified matrix. The cost effect was also carried out to evaluate the profits of treated samples. According to the results, suitable matrix can be produced based on the balance between compressive strength and profits.

摘要    I
Abstract    II
謝誌    III
Index    III
List of Figures    V
List of Tables    VII
Chapter 1    Introduction    1
Chapter 2    Literature review    6
1    Solid waste    6
2    Cementitious material treatments    7
2.1    Cement based solidification/stabilization (S/S)    8
3    Immobilization mechanisms    10
3.1    Chemical stabilization    10
3.2    Physical encapsulation    11
4    Review of the applications of cement-based S/S    12
5    Review of the application of cement additives    16
6    Introduction of LA-ICP-MS    19
Chapter 3    Experimental    23
1    Chemical reagents    24
2    Instrument    266
2.1    Principle of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)    266
2.2    Mapping technique of LA-ICP-MS    31
2.3    Scanning electron microscope-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX)    32
2.4    Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA)    33
2.5    Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES)........    34
2.6    X-ray diffraction (XRD)    35
3    High pressure bomb digestion    37
4    Solidification process    38
Chapter 4    Results and Discussion    45
1    Characterization of Fly Ash and Industrial Sludge    45
1.1    Chemical composition    45
1.2    Morphology    51
2    Optimization of solidification process    55
2.1    Effect of drying sludge    55
2.2    Effect of mixing sludge    63
2.3    Adding cement additives    68
3    Matrix profits    71
3.1    Profits of matrix with single kind of sludge    72
3.2    Profits of matrix with mixed sludge    76
Chapter 5    Conclusion    80
Reference    81

                                

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