面心立方低中高熵合金不同溫度下之微奈米尺度機械性質及變形行為研究

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研究生：	陳均亦 Chen, Chun-Yi
論文名稱：	面心立方低中高熵合金不同溫度下之微奈米尺度機械性質及變形行為研究 Micro-to-Nano Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behaviors of Face-centered Cubic Low-, Medium- and High-entropy Alloys at Different Temperatures
指導教授：	張守一 Chang, Shou-Yi
口試委員:	黃爾文 Huang, E-Wen 葉安洲 Yeh, An-Chou 蔡哲瑋 Tsai, Che-Wei
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學工程學系 Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2020
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	120
中文關鍵詞：	高熵合金、異向性、機械性質、變形行為、壓痕測試、微米柱、電子顯微鏡
外文關鍵詞：	High Entropy Alloy, Anisotropy, Mechanical Property, Deformation Behavior, Nanoindentation, Micropillar, Electron Microscope
相關次數：	點閱：2 下載：0
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高熵合金是由多種主元素以相近比例混合所形成之合金，由於組成元素種類繁多，原子間尺寸和電荷密度上的差異導致晶格扭曲效應的產生，造就了許多特殊的機械性質與變形行為。其中，FCC結構的高熵合金在室溫下擁有良好的強度、延展性、破裂韌性、抗疲勞等特性，低溫條件下上述機械性質更能獲得進一步提升。因此，溫度對高熵合金機械性質產生之影響為一值得探討的主題。延續實驗室過去在室溫下對FCC系列合金進行之一系列研究，本研究在不同溫度下針對晶格扭曲程度相當的FCC系列合金，包括Ni-4 at%W低熵、FeCrNi中熵與CoCrFeMnNi高熵合金不同晶體方向之晶粒進行奈米壓痕測試，分析溫度對其異向性造成之改變。室溫下高熵合金彈性異向性較低、中熵合金相對微弱。不同溫度下各合金彈、塑性異向性有所改變，然而並未觀察到明顯之單調趨勢。此外，針對高熵合金微米柱室溫壓縮測試中產生口香糖狀 (gum-like) 變形的 [111] 方向晶粒，進行高、低溫壓縮測試與TEM縱剖面觀察，研究溫度對變形行為造成之影響。實驗結果顯示，高熵合金微米柱在高溫下依舊展現口香糖狀變形行為，低溫下則能觀察到密集疊差與變形雙晶的出現。

High-entropy alloys are solid solutions consisting of multi-principal with near-equimolar ratios. Due to the diversity of constituent elements, atomic size difference and electron density inconsistency give rise to the severe lattice distortion effect, and hence various unique mechanical properties and deformation behaviors. Among this novel family, FCC HEAs possess high strength, ductility, and fracture toughness at room temperature. These mechanical properties are further reinforced under cryogenic circumstances. The effects of temperature on properties of HEAs is thus a topic worth investigating. Carrying on previous research on a series of FCC alloys at room temperature, in this research we conducted nanoindentation tests on grains with different crystallographic orientations from a series of FCC alloys with comparable lattice distortion, including Ni-4 at%W、FeCrNi and CoCrFeMnNi, at different temperature to analyze the resulting change of anisotropy. The HEA exhibited a relatively weaker elastic anisotropy. As the temperature varied, the elastic/plastic anisotropy of each alloy changed correspondingly, yet a monotonic trend was not discovered. On top of that, to the [111] grains which gum-like deformation takes place at room temperature HEA compression tests, we performed cryogenic and high-temperature micropillar compression tests and TEM cross-section observation to find out the impact of temperature on their deformation behaviors. It was found that CoCrFeMnNi HEA micropillars retained the gum-like deformation behavior at high temperature, while stacking faults and deformation twins were observed at cryogenic cases.

誌謝-------------------------------------------I
摘要-------------------------------------------II
Abstract--------------------------------------III
目錄-------------------------------------------IV
圖目錄----------------------------------------VII
表目錄----------------------------------------XIV
壹、前言--------------------------------------1
貳、文獻回顧----------------------------------2
2-1高熵合金-----------------------------------2
2-1-1高熵合金發展----------------------------2
2-1-2四大核心效應----------------------------5
2-1-3不同溫度下之性質與應用----------------8
2-1-4中熵合金機械性質-----------------------15
2-2高熵合金之機械行為-----------------------17
2-2-1部分差排與疊差--------------------------17
2-2-2變形雙晶--------------------------------19
2-2-3相變誘發塑性----------------------------21
2-2-4高熵合金特殊差排/缺陷行為-------------23
2-3材料機械行為及其影響因素----------------31
2-3-1晶體結構---------------------------------31
2-3-2組成元素---------------------------------33
2-3-3材料微結構------------------------------35
2-3-4尺寸效應---------------------------------37
2-3-5異向性-----------------------------------39
2-4微奈米機械性質分析------------------------43
2-4-1奈米壓痕測試 (Nanoindentation)------- 43
2-4-2微奈米柱壓縮測試------------------------45
2-4-3臨場TEM拉伸測試 (In-situ TEM)---------47
2-4-4模擬分析---------------------------------49
2-5研究目的------------------------------------51
參、實驗步驟-----------------------------------52
3-1實驗規劃------------------------------------52
3-2實驗流程------------------------------------53
3-2-1低中高熵合金試片------------------------53
3-2-2 XPM機械性質量測-----------------------55
3-2-3聚焦離子束 (FIB) 微米柱試片製備---------57
3-2-4不同溫度下之微米柱壓縮測試-------------59
3-2-5縱剖面TEM試片製備及觀察---------------61
肆、結果與討論---------------------------------65
4-1晶粒方向鑑定-------------------------------65
4-2不同溫度下之奈米壓痕測試分析-------------67
4-2-1楊氏模數 (Young’s Modulus)-----------67
4-2-2奈米硬度 (Nano Hardness)---------------74
4-3不同溫度下之微米柱壓縮測試---------------81
4-3-1低溫壓縮測試-----------------------------82
4-3-2高溫壓縮測試-----------------------------83
4-4縱剖面TEM試片觀察------------------------96
伍、結論---------------------------------------109
陸、參考文獻----------------------------------111

                                

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