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研究生: 傅本然
Ben-Ran Fu
論文名稱: 微流道之幾何形狀對微型直接甲醇燃料電池中雙相流現象之影響探討--以H2SO4和NaHCO3化學反應模擬CO2生成
Effects of Channel Geometry on Two-Phase Flow Phenomena in micro-DMFC--with CO2 Bubbles Produced by Chemical Reactions of H2SO4 and NaHCO3
指導教授: 潘欽
Chin Pan
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 原子科學院 - 工程與系統科學系
Department of Engineering and System Science
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 105
中文關鍵詞: 雙相流微流道直接甲醇燃料電池
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  • 本研究係利用硫酸(H2SO4)和碳酸氫鈉(NaHCO3)水溶液在微流道內混合後會產生化學反應,生成二氧化碳來模擬DMFC陽極端微流道中雙相流的傳輸現象,以期待解決二氧化碳氣泡阻塞流道之問題。研究中係利用微機電技術來製作出不同幾何形狀之微流道,分別有等截面積、漸縮和漸擴微流道,再利用不同濃度(0.2 mol/L、0.5 mol/L和0.8 mol/L)之硫酸和碳酸氫鈉水溶液,並通入不同之混合流體體積流率(3.20×10-9 m3/s≦Qmixture≦32.0×10-9 m3/s)來探討雙相流的現象。
    研究結果顯示,當濃度越低且流率越大時,氣泡越不易生成;而當氣泡生成後,微流道內的雙相流動型態大致皆為氣泡流或彈狀流。在漸縮微流道內由於入口處的混合效果較差與微流道內加速度效應的雙重影響下,使得化學反應較不易發生;漸擴微流道中則因入口處有較佳的混合效果和微流道內減速度效應影響下,較有利於化學反應的發生,二氧化碳氣泡成長速率亦以漸擴微流道中為最大。
    在不同實驗條件下可發現壓降皆有一高頻振盪,其頻率約為45 Hz,這可能是聲波振盪的表現;而在濃度為0.8 mol/L,3.20×10-9 m3/s≦Qmixture≦12.8×10-9 m3/s的等截面積微流道中,除了原有的高頻振盪外,亦發現低頻的振盪,振盪頻率約為0.02-0.04 Hz,並且伴隨著雙相流動型態的轉變(flow pattern transition instability)。


    目錄 頁次 摘要 Ⅰ 誌謝 Ⅱ 目錄 Ⅲ 表目錄 Ⅵ 圖目錄 Ⅶ 符號說明 X Ⅰ 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 燃料電池簡介 2 1-2-1 燃料電池的歷史 2 1-2-2 燃料電池的特點 3 1-2-3 燃料電池的種類 5 1-3 微小型燃料電池 8 1-4 微機電(MEMS)技術在微小型燃料電池之應用 10 1-5 研究動機 11 1-6 研究方法 13 1-7 論文架構 14 第二章 文獻回顧 15 2-1 微機電製造技術相關文獻 15 2-2 DMFC中氣液雙相流研究相關文獻 21 2-3 微流道內氣液雙相流研究相關文獻 26 第三章 微流道製作與雙相流實驗系統 29 3-1 微流道製作 29 3-1-1 相關微機電製造技術基本原理 29 3-1-2 微流道製作程序 31 3-2 雙相流實驗系統 33 3-2-1 實驗設備環路 33 3-2-2 控制與量測系統 34 3-2-3 影像擷取系統 36 3-2-4 實驗方法與步驟 38 第四章 實驗結果與討論 40 4-1 微流道水力直徑之決定 40 4-2 雙相流動型態 43 4-2-1 等截面積微流道之雙相流動型態 45 4-2-2 漸縮微流道之雙相流動型態 50 4-2-3 漸擴微流道之雙相流動型態 53 4-2-4 三種微流道雙相流動型態之比較 57 4-3 二氧化碳氣泡成長機制 59 4-3-1 氣泡半徑之成長速率 59 4-3-2 彈狀氣泡長度之成長速率 64 4-4 實驗壓降分析 66 4-4-1 混合流體(mixture)性質之決定 66 4-4-2 單相壓降分析 68 4-4-3 雙相壓降分析 73 4-4-4 壓降振盪探討 75 第五章 結論 85 5-1 本論文研究成果 85 5-2 未來研究建議 87 參考文獻 89 附錄A 注射式幫浦 99 附錄B 精密電子天平 102 附錄C 可變焦顯微放大系統 103 附錄D 可變焦顯微鏡放大倍率表 105

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