本論文探討八種阿美語方言（七腳川方言、荳蘭方言、大港口方言、迦納納方言、奇美方言、馬蘭方言、馬太鞍方言、太巴塱方言）及兩種撒奇萊雅語方言（撒固兒方言、馬立雲方言）的共時音韻系統。另外，透過比較方法（the Comparative Method）比較約一千三百個詞彙，重建原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語音韻系統與詞彙。原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語共有二十個音位，其中包含十六個輔音音位（*p, *t, *k, *ʡ, *b, *d, *z, *s, *ħ, *t͡s, *m, *n, *ŋ, *ɾ, *w, *j）及四個元音音位（*i, *u, *ə, *a）。本研究亦討論原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語十種方言的分群。
分群方面，本論文以音韻、詞彙、構詞的證據說明阿美語方言主要分為北部阿美（Northern Amis）、中部阿美（Meso Amis）及太-馬阿美（Tavalong-Fata’an）三群。北部阿美包含七腳川方言及荳蘭方言；中部阿美涵蓋了大港口方言、迦納納方言、奇美方言及馬蘭方言；太-馬阿美包含馬太鞍方言及太巴塱方言。除了阿美語的方言分群，本研究亦提供語言學上的證據，證明撒奇萊雅語與阿美語為兩個獨立的語言，隸屬原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語。
筆者亦比較白樂斯（Blust and Trussel, ongoing）所重建之原始南島語與原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語的音位與詞彙。音位方面，本研究發現阿美語及撒奇萊雅語的輔音同化現象，並非僅限於流音，而是在原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語的*d、*z、*ɾ、*n及*ŋ等音位皆可觀察到此一現象，且同化的方向不定；詞彙方面，本研究發現部分原始南島語詞彙中的*d重建有誤。此外，阿美語及撒奇萊雅語的方言間可能有借詞存在。
本論文主要有三個貢獻:(1)提出原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語音韻系統及八百多個詞彙之重建。(2)探討阿美語及撒奇萊雅語之輔音同化現象。(3)提出原始阿美-撒奇萊雅語的方言分群。

關鍵詞: 歷史語言學、南島語、阿美語、撒奇萊雅語、分群

This thesis provides a synchronic description of Amis‑Sakizaya phonology, a reconstruction of Proto-Amis-Sakizaya phonology and lexicon, and the subgrouping of its ten dialects. Around 1300 words of two Sakizaya dialects and eight Amis dialects are compared using the Comparative Method. The two dialects of Sakizaya are Sakul and Maibul. The eight Amis dialects are Cikasu’an, Nataoran, La’enu, Kalala, Kiwit, Falangaw, Fata’an, and Tavalong. There are 16 consonants *p, *t, *k, *ʡ, *b, *d, *s, *ħ, *z, *t͡s, *m, *n, *ŋ, *ɾ, *w, *j and four vowels *i, *u, *ə, *a reconstructed for Proto‑Amis‑Sakizaya.
My thesis aims to clarify the relationship between the dialects of Amis and Sakizaya by proposing a subgrouping hypothesis. To support the validity of my hypothesis, I have collected three types of evidence, including phonological, lexical and morphological evidence. The collective weight of the evidence strongly suggests that Proto-Amis developed into three primary branches, not five, as it is currently believed. The three primary branches are Proto‑Northern Amis, Proto‑Meso Amis, and Proto-Tavalong-Fata’an Amis. The Northern Amis group includes Nataoran and Cikasu’an. The Meso Amis group consists of La’enu, Kalala, Kiwit, and Falangaw. The Tavalong-Fata’an Amis group includes Tavalong and Fata’an. Apart from the subclassification of Amis dialects, subgrouping evidence also proves that Amis and Sakizaya are two distinct languages. Besides lexical differences, this thesis explores further linguistic evidence to support Sakizaya as a separate language from Amis, albeit both having been descended from Proto‑Amis‑Sakizaya.
This thesis also compares Proto-Amis-Sakizaya with the reconstructed Proto‑Austronesian etyma (Blust and Trussel, ongoing) and phonemes. From top-down inspection of the reconstructed etyma, consonant harmony is identified. Based on my observation, consonant harmony not only applies to liquids in Amis and Sakizaya; it also occurs in Proto-Amis-Sakizaya *d, *z, *ɾ, *n, and *ŋ. The directionality of the assimilation is not fixed. Furthermore, loanwords and problems with current Proto-Austronesian reconstruction are also discussed in this thesis.

Keywords: Historical linguistics, Austronesian languages, Amis, Sakizaya, subgrouping

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