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研究生： 陳韋儒
論文名稱： 根據電腦斷層掃描影像計算下泌尿道系統流場之研究
Computational fluid dynamics study of lower urinary tract system based on computer tomography images
指導教授： 林昭安
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 動力機械工程學系
Department of Power Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2008
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 69
中文關鍵詞： 電腦斷層掃描 、下泌尿道系統 、膀胱出口阻塞 、醫學影像
外文關鍵詞： computer tomography image, lower urinary tract system, bladder outlet obstruction, medical image
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
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    • Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. Urologists usually depend on International Continence Society (ICS) nomogram and experiences for diagnosis. However, this method requires invasive testing which is very uncomfortable and time consuming for patients. Besides, there exists equivocal zone by using ICS nomogram.

    The objective of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of computed tomography based non-invasive technique to diagnose bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Based on the rapid advances in noninvasive imaging technology, the images of targeted organs are acquired using computed tomography, where the three dimensional model of the lower urinary tract system (involving the bladder and urethra) are reconstructed. The reconstructed 3D models are then analyzed with computational fluid dynamic technique, where the predicted pressure drop is used as a replacement of the invasive pressure measurements. It was found that the predicted pressure drop has a good correlation with field measured Abrams-Griffiths number. Further, a functional nomograph (similar to ICS nomogram) is developed, where healthy man pressure drop is used as threshold to distinguish patients with and without BOO.

    Abstract I List of Nomenclature Ii List of Figures Vi List of Figures Viii Contents Ix Chapter 1 Prelude 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Propose and Contribution of Research 4 Chapter 2 Introduction of Urology 5 2.1 Lower Urinary Tract System 6 2.2 Urethral Clinical Symptoms 8 2.3 Urethral Clinical Diagnoses 9 2.3.1 Urodynamics 9 2.3.2 Computer Tomography 12 2.3.3 Paper Survey 13 Chapter 3 Materials and Methods 23 3.1 Materials 23 3.2 Methods 24 3.2.1 Reconstruction Three-Dimensional Urinary Model 24 3.2.2 Statistical Method 26 Chapter 4 Numerical Solution 30 4.1 Computational Fluid Dynamics 30 4.2 Mathematical Formulation 30 4.2.1 Governing Equation 30 4.2.2 Turbulence Model (κ-ε model) 32 4.2.3 Wall Boundary Conditions 33 4.3 Numerical Solution Procedure 35 4.3.1 Discretization Equation 35 4.3.2 Convection Scheme 36 4.3.3 Boundary Conditions 37 4.3.4 Solution of Systems of Linear Algebraic Equations 39 4.3.5 Numerical Algorithms 39 4.4 Grid Generation 43 Chapter 5 Result and Discussion 49 5.1 Pressure-Flow Study Data and Computer Tomography Image 49 5.2 Urethra Length Definition 49 5.3 Grid Independent Test 50 5.4 Simulation Result and Discussion 51 5.4.1 Plot of overall pressure drop versus urinary flow rate 53 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Work 60 6.1 Conclusion 60 6.2 Recommendations for Future Work 61 Bibliography 63 Appendix A 68

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