摘要
本研究選用三聚氰胺樹脂海綿為基材，藉由表面疏水化處理或貼附上疏水親油材料使海綿表面具有超疏水及超親油之表面性質，以在水中有效分離出有機溶劑或油類，達到油水分離之效果。
本實驗中的海綿疏水化方法包含為(1)丙酮表面處理及被覆(2)官能基化膨脹石墨鍍層，(3)多壁奈米碳管鍍層，(4)石墨烯鍍層，其中丙酮表面處理可使海綿具有最高的溶劑重量吸收倍率，但其疏水性較低。而在官能基化膨脹石墨鍍層海綿與多壁奈米碳管鍍層海綿部分，因其鍍層不均與固定劑殘留過多，使得溶劑吸收倍率較低。以石墨烯為鍍層之海綿則可同時達到超疏水與超親油表面，並維持高有機溶劑重量吸收倍率。
由於石墨烯鍍層之海綿表面同時具有超疏水與超親油之表面性質，為充分發揮海綿之選擇性分離有機溶劑之優勢，將石墨烯鍍層海綿製成流道表面，當有機溶劑與水之混合溶液流過海綿表面時，有機溶劑會因海綿表面超親油性發生毛細現象而快速吸收，而水溶劑則因超疏水性無法被海綿吸收而快速滑過海綿表面，進而完成成極性/非極性溶劑分離之效果。

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