神經科學旨在研究大腦中神經元對於認知功能的作用機制，為此前人學者試圖從計算層面出發，通過構建模型對神經的動態變化進行模擬和研究，從而誕生了計算神經科學。作為一門新興的融合了多學科知識的交叉學科，計算神經科學近年來逐漸受到腦科學領域的重視，也吸引了諸多試圖步入該領域的學生的興趣。為此，本文為計算神經科學課程設計了基於C#語言的可用於Windows系統下的教學軟體使用者界面，通過系統的規劃和簡易的操作來幫助新接觸這個領域的用戶輕鬆便利地學習計算神經科學這門課程並了解人工神經網路。本文的主要工作包括：
①介紹了計算神經科學的概念與發展，並對神經網路模型進行了解讀，選擇Flysim神經網路模擬器作為本文的技術支持，但由於該模擬器原本應用於Linux環境下，因此借助Cygwin搭建類Unix環境，在Cygwin中重新編譯，並依靠cygwin1.dll支持，將其移植到Windows系統下。
②基於C#設計了可用於計算神經科學課程教學的使用者界面，並針對用戶的學習程度，設計了適用於初學者和適用於進階者的不同界面：在初學者界面中，各項實驗參數都已設定好只需直接運行即可；而在進階者界面，用戶可以根據自己的需求調整參數，使實驗更為靈活，也具有更大的探索空間。
③為驗證本軟體的應用性，選用關聯性記憶實驗進行測試。在實驗中共有十顆神經元模型，以其中四顆為一個記憶項目（item）進行學習，通過刺激已經學習的神經元來觀測整體是否具有被喚起記憶，實驗證明當刺激其中三顆神經的時候，記憶能夠被喚起。同時本文還對兩個具有部分相同神經元的記憶項目進行了測試，可以觀察到相同的神經元數量會影響喚起記憶的條件，並且存在記憶錯誤的現象。最後本文還對神經傳遞過程中的雜訊做了模擬，觀察到微弱的雜訊並不會對記憶能否被喚起造成影響，但隨著雜訊不斷增大，可能會改變記憶喚起的結果。證實了本軟體在對神經網路的學習和研究中可以發揮作用。

Neuroscience aims to study the neural mechanisms of cognitive function. In the past, scholars have tried to calculate and study the dynamics of nervous systems by constructing models from the computational level, thus giving birth to computational neuroscience. As an emerging interdisciplinary research field, computational neuroscience has gradually received attention from brain scientists in recent years, and has also attracted the interest of many students who want to enter this field. The purpose of this study is to design a graphical user interface based on C# language for a neural network simulator and integrate the system into a package that can be used as educational software in computational neuroscience courses. Through the systematic planning and simple operation, it may help new users in this field to learn computational neuroscience more easily and conveniently. This thesis comprises the following work:
①Introducing the development of computational neuroscience, and several important neural network models. I selected the Flysim neural network simulator as the supporting simulator for my system. Because the simulator was originally developed in the Linux environment, I had to build the system with the help of Cygwin Unix-like environment, recompile Flysim in Cygwin, and use cygwin1.dll to port it to the Windows system.
②Based on C#, I designed a graphical user interface that can be used in the teaching of computational neuroscience courses, and designed different interfaces suitable for beginners and advanced users according to the user's learning level. In the beginner interface, all of experimental parameters have been set and the simulations can be performed directly. In the advanced interface, users can adjust the parameters according to their own needs, making the experiment more flexible and having greater exploration space.
③In order to verify the applicability of this software, I selected the associated memory experiment for testing. In the experiment, there are a total of ten neuron models, and each memory item takes four neurons out of the ten. I simulated partial neurons of a memory item and observed whether the whole memory has been recalled. This experiment proves that when three neurons in the item are stimulated, memory can be recalled. Besides, I also tested two memory items with shared neurons. The result showed that the number of shared neurons affect the conditions for recalling memory, and there were memory errors. Finally, I also tested the effect of noise in memory. The result indicated that while weak noise did not affect memory recall, as the noise continued to increase, it changed the result of memory recall.
The result presented in the thesis confirmed that the software I designed serves an excellent platform for learning and research in computational neuroscience.

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