近年來，台灣各大專院校發生了多次的實驗室災害，起因除地震、機器故障等外界因素之外，有78%的意外都包含了人為因素，如操作不慎、清理不慎、及儲存不實等原因，這樣的人為意外小則造成機器毀損，大則造成火災等人員傷亡的事故，實為社會的一大損失，如何能減少這樣的事故發生率，是社會該共同努力的目標。
虛擬實境為近年來發展快速的新興科技，應用領域廣泛，包含軍事、航空、銷售、遊戲等，除此之外，教育也是一個相當受到重視的領域，透過更直接的感受事物，及與環境進行互動，學習者能有更深刻的印象，期望可藉此提升學習者的學習效果，並減少其在實際執行作業時的錯誤率。
本研究的目標為找出最適合的教學工具，在不耗用多餘人力於教導及監督的情況下，使實驗操作人員能得到完善的教育，實驗中比較了傳統的手冊說明書、影片教學、和虛擬實境教學系統，觀測三種訓練工具對學習人員的學習成效及心智負荷影響，並以操作錯誤、操作時間來判斷學習成效，NASA-TLX問卷及心律變異來觀測心智負荷影響。
從學習成效的結果，可以發現影片仍是目前效果最好的訓練工具，而虛擬實境則是存在一些技術面及普及性的問題，造成學習成效結果起伏較大，從心智負荷結果來看，三種訓練工具並沒有呈現顯著差異，因此可以推斷選擇的訓練工具，不會對學習人員產生不同的負荷影響。
目前虛擬實境的使用並不廣泛，但陸續有一些廠商開始使用此技術進行員工訓練，無非就是因為虛擬實境具有隔離於實際環境、可重複性等優點，讓越來越多人看中了這種教育訓練模式，雖然虛擬實境的應用仍處於挑戰階段，但從結果來看，還是具有相當大的未來潛力。

There are many laboratory accidents happened over and over again in Taiwan in decade. Except for the environmental causes, like the earthquake, mechanical failure, there are about 78% of the accidents happened due to the human error. Careless manipulation, unaware cleaning, inexact storage are all included. These accidents may cause machine breakdown, fire, or even people hurt and died. To decrease these kinds of accidents is an issue for the society.
In recent years, virtual reality technique has been developed rapidly. It was applied in many areas, such as military, aerospace, sales, and games areas. Education is also one expected area for the usage of virtual reality. Through the training in virtual reality, learners can feel things directly, and interact with the environments. It is expected that learners can learn efficiently and decrease the error in the real operations.
The objective of this research is to find out the best training tool to teach the learners efficiently without the human monitoring aside. Therefore, this study apply the virtual reality to the chemical experiments training. Compare to the video and manual training in the same training duration. Then, find the best training tool with the better performance and less mental workload in real operation. The operation error and time were used to measure performance, and the NASA-TLX questionnaire, HRV were used to measure mental workload.
The result shows that video is still the best training tool nowadays. Learners have better performance using video training system. Considering the virtual reality in training, it shows the potentiality but also facing some problems. Users are still not familiar with it and hard to correspond the controller buttons to the real environment instruments. Despite this, there are lots of companies start to develop the virtual reality training system. Training repeatedly in an isolated environment can reduce the training resources and dangers. Therefore, improved virtual reality in the future can still be an expecting training way.

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