EcoBN: 針對於藍芽4.0低耗能技術無線感測平台之設計與評估

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研究生：	黃宇廷 Huang, Yu-Ting
論文名稱：	EcoBN: 針對於藍芽4.0低耗能技術無線感測平台之設計與評估 EcoBN: Design and Evaluation of a Bluetooth Low Energy Wireless Sensor Platform
指導教授：	周百祥 Chou, Pai H.
口試委員:	周志遠 Chou, Chi-Yuan 陳耀宗 Chen, Yaw-Chung
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系 Computer Science
論文出版年：	2013
畢業學年度：	101
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	35
中文關鍵詞：	藍芽4.0低耗能技術、無線感測平台、能量消耗
外文關鍵詞：	Bluetooth Low Energy, Wireless Sensor Platform, Energy consumption
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本論文中我們設計及評估一個超低功耗針對於藍芽4.0低耗能技術(BLE)之無線感測器:EcoBN，此設計使用最先進的內建射頻機制之微算機。由於利用系統層級上的設計技術，使用了低靜電流之遲滯轉換器，並且利用晶片開關來對不工作之元件來做關閉的動作，使得無線感測器之能量消耗能夠減少。我們並合理的選擇正確的元件並對我們設計做討論及決定。除了硬體設計以外，我們也提供了軟件庫來使開發者便利的去開發EcoBN上的應用程式。實驗結果驗證了我們對能量效率有明顯的改善。在深層睡眠模式，EcoBN只需提供32微安培的電流，而在藍芽4.0低耗能技術的應用中，EcoBN的平均電流功耗只有0.4毫安培，提供了在能量限制下的無線感測系統能擁有更長的電池壽命。

In this thesis, we present the design and evaluation of EcoBN, an ultra low-power wireless sensor node based on Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy Technology (BLE). This design uses the state-of-the-art RF-enabled microcontroller unit (MCU). This design achieves possibly the lowest energy consump- tion for sensing systems of its class, thanks to system-level design techniques, the most notable of which is the use of a hysteretic converter with the lowest quiescent current. We discuss the ratio- nale for the selection of components and other design decisions. In addition to the hardware design, we also provide software library support to facilitate application development. Experimental results validate the energy efficiency of our design. In deep-sleep mode, EcoBN draws only 32 μA, while in applications using BLE, the average current consumption is only 0.4 mA, allowing it to achieve signficantly longer battery life for energy-constrained wireless sensor system.

Contents i
Acknowledgments vi
Introduction 1
1  Motivation........................................ 1 
1.1  Interoperability within ExistingStandards .................... 2 
1.2  Direct Compatibility with Smartmobiles.................... 2 
1.3  BatteryLife................................... 3 
2  Contributions ...................................... 3 
 Background and Related Work 4 
1  Architecture of Wireless Sensor Nodes......................... 4 
2  Duty cycling....................................... 4 
3  EcoWirelessSensorPlatforms............................. 5 
 Hardware Design 8 
1  BlockDiagram ..................................... 9 
2  DesignConcept .................................... 9 
3  MCU .......................................... 10 
3.1 System-on-Chip ................................ 10 
3.2 Reassignable I/O Pins ............................. 11 
3.3 ARMISA.................................... 11 
3.4 Low Power Consumption............................ 11 
4  Choice of RF ...................................... 12 
4.1IEEE802.15.4 ................................. 12 
4.2 Wi-Fi...................................... 12 
4.3 Wibree/ShockBurstandEnhancedShockBurst ...................................... 12 
4.4 Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy Technology .................... 13
5  PowerSubsystem.................................... 14
5.1 VoltageRegulation .............................. 14 
5.2 DC-DC..................................... 15 
5.3 BatteryMonitor................................. 17
5.4 LoadSwitches ................................. 17
5.5 Battery ..................................... 18 
6  Sensing and Storage Subsystem ............................ 18 
6.1 On-Board Accelerometer............................ 18 
6.2 Nonvolatile Storage............................... 19 
6.3 Real-Time Clock ................................ 19 
7  Expansion I/O interface................................. 20 
8  Optional Hardware Support............................... 21 
Software 22
1  Cross-Development Tools................................ 22 
2  Library API....................................... 22 
2.1 Drivers and Utilities .............................. 23 
2.2 Modules .................................... 23 
2.3 BLEServices.................................. 24 
3  BLE on the EcoBN................................... 24 
Evaluation 25
1  Experimental Setup................................... 25 
1.1 Power Measure................................. 25 
1.2 RF Measure................................... 27 
2  Experimental Result................................... 27 
2.1 Current Consumption.............................. 27 
2.2 Performance Comparison ........................... 27 
2.3 Memory Footprint............................... 28
2.4 the Distance of RF .............................. 29
Conclusions and Future Work 30 
1 Conclusions....................................... 30 
2 Future Work....................................... 30
A Design the EcoBN 31
                                

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