研究生: |
馮兆恒 Fung, Siu Hang Derrick |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
優化顧客體驗: 服務機器人在萬豪集團系列飯店的應用比較研究 Optimizing Guest Experience: A Comparative Study of Service Robot Implementation in Marriott Hotel Groups’ Collections |
指導教授: |
王貞雅
WANG, CHEN-YA |
口試委員: |
邱議德
Chiu, Yi-Te 江成欣 Chiang, Cheng-Hsin |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科技管理學院 - 國際專業管理碩士班 International Master of Business Administration(IMBA) |
論文出版年: | 2024 |
畢業學年度: | 112 |
語文別: | 英文 |
論文頁數: | 93 |
中文關鍵詞: | 服務機器人 、客戶接受度 、客戶滿意度 、萬豪國際集團 、服務機器人接受模型 、賓客體驗 、人工智慧 |
外文關鍵詞: | Service Robots, Customer Acceptance, Customoer Satisfaction, Marriott International, sRAM, Guest Experience, Artificial Intelligence |
相關次數: | 點閱:81 下載:0 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
N/A
This thesis examines the optimization of guest experiences through the implementation of service robots in Marriott International hotels, using the Service Robot Acceptance Model (sRAM) as the framework. The study employs qualitative methods, including interviews with Marriott managers and guest feedback analysis, to explore service robot deployment in luxury, premium, and select hotel tiers. Findings highlight significant differences in robot usage across tiers, with luxury hotels focusing on personalized services, premium hotels on operational efficiency, and select hotels on routine tasks. Cultural factors significantly influence customer acceptance, underscoring the need for culturally sensitive robot behaviors. The study offers insights into the strategic integration of service robots, emphasizing the importance of continuous technological advancements to meet diverse guest expectations.
Aksoy, L., Choi, S., Doğru, T., Keiningham, T. L., Lorenz, M. P., Rubin, D., & Tracey, J. B. (2022). Global trends in hospitality. Journal of Business Research, 142, 957–973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.068
Aloft Hotel trials Botlr “robot butler” service. (2014). [Video]. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/av/technology-28835134
Ban, H., Choi, H., Choi, E., Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2019). Investigating key attributes in experience and satisfaction of hotel customer using online review data. Sustainability, 11(23), 6570, 1-13.
Becker, M., Mahr, D., & Odekerken‐Schröder, G. (2022). Customer comfort during service robot interactions. Service Business, 17(1), 137–165.
Belanche, D., Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C., & Schepers, J. (2020). Service robot implementation: a theoretical framework and research agenda. The Service Industries Journal, 40(3-4), 203-225.
Berezina, K., Bilgihan, A., Cobanoglu, C., & Okumus, F. (2015). Understanding satisfied and dissatisfied hotel customers: text mining of online hotel reviews. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 25(1), 1–24.
Bogicevic, V., Eeckels, B., Graf, N., Laitamaki, J., & Sigala, M., PWC, HI Hub experiental learning lab. (2023). Hotel industry Digital Transformation: the current state of play. PWC.
Bonfanti, A., Vigolo, V., Yfantidou, G., & Gutuleac, R. (2023). Customer experience management strategies in upscale restaurants: Lessons from the Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 109, 103416.
Brylska, P., Çobanoğlu, C., & Doğan, S. (2022). Users versus non-users: The impact of experience on hotel guests’ attitudes towards service robots in hotels. In Springer eBooks, 55–66.
Buhalis, D. (2000). “Information Technology in Tourism: the state of the art”. Tourism Recreation Research, Vol. 25 No. 1, 41-58.
Çallı, B. A., Çallı, L., Çallı, D. S., & Çallı, F. (2022). The impact of different types of service robots usage in hotels on guests’ intention to stay. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 14(1), 53–68.
Castelo, N., & Sárváry, M. (2022). Cross-Cultural Differences in Comfort with Humanlike Robots. International Journal of Social Robotics, 14(8), 1865–1873.
Chan, A. P. H., & Tung, V. W. S. (2019). Examining the effects of robotic service on brand experience: the moderating role of hotel segment. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(4), 458-468.
Chiang, A., & Trimi, S. (2020). Impacts of service robots on service quality. Service Business, 14(3), 439–459.
Choi, S., & Wan, L. C. (2021). The rise of service robots in the hospitality industry: Some actionable insights. Boston Hospitality Review, 1-11.
Ćoćkalo, D., Đorđević, D., & Sajfert, Z. (2011). Customer Satisfaction and Acceptance of Relationship Marketing Concept: An Exploratory study in QM certified Serbian companies. Organizacija, 44(2), 32–46.
Collins, G. R. (2020). Improving human–robot interactions in hospitality settings. International Hospitality Review, 34(1), 61–79.
D’Amours, A. (2023). Marriott Bonvoy’s 30 different hotel brands: an introduction. Flytrippers. https://flytrippers.com/marriott-bonvoy-hotel-brands/
De Keyser, A., & Kunz, W. H. (2022). Living and Working with Service Robots: A TCCM Analysis and Considerations for Future Research. Social Science Research Network.
El‐Adly, M. I. (2019). Modelling the relationship between hotel perceived value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 50, 322–332.
Ersoy, A. B., & Cui, Z. (2021). Service robots usage in marketing hospitality in China. Journal of Business Administration Research, 10(2), 13.
First robot-staffed hotel. (2015). Guinness World Records. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/397696-first-robot-staffed-hotel
Filieri, R., Lin, Z., Li, Y., Lu, X., & Yang, X. (2022). Customer Emotions in Service Robot Encounters: A Hybrid Machine-Human Intelligence approach. Journal of Service Research, 25(4), 614–629.
Fuentes-Moraleda, L., Díaz-Pérez, P., Orea-Giner, A., Mazón, A. M., & Villacé-Molinero, T. (2020). Interaction between hotel service robots and humans: A hotel-specific Service Robot Acceptance Model (sRAM). Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100751.
Galvis, N. (2021). What’s the Difference Between Industrial Robots and Service Robots. Robot LAB Group. https://www.robotlab.com/group/blog/whats-the-difference-between-industrial-robots-and-service-robots#:~:text=In%20general%2C%20industrial%20robots%20are,%2C%20cleaning%2C%20and%20similar%20areas.
Gonzalez-Aguirre, J. A., Osorio-Oliveros, R., Rodríguez-Hernández, K. L., Lizárraga-Iturralde, J., Menéndez, R. M., Ramírez-Mendoza, R. A., Ramírez-Moreno, M. A., & De J Lozoya-Santos, J. (2021). Service Robots: Trends and technology. Applied Sciences, 11(22), 10702.
Grandey, A. A. (2023). Robots are changing the face of customer service. Harvard Business Review.
Hengxuan, O., Christina, G., Gürsoy, D., & Nunkoo, R. (2023). Customers’ acceptance of artificially intelligent service robots: The influence of trust and culture. International Journal of Information Management, 70, 102623.
Ho, C. Y. (2022). Applications of Robot Staff in Hotels.
Hollander, J. (2022, October 12). All of Marriott’s hotel brands explained. Hotel Tech Report. https://hoteltechreport.com/news/marriott-hotel-brands
Hospitality Technology Next Generation [HTNG]. (2023). AI for Hospitality Whitepaper. The American Hotel & lodging Association.
Hsieh, A., & Tsai, C. (2009). Does national culture really matter? Hotel service perceptions by Taiwan and American tourists. International Journal of Culture Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(1), 54–69.
Huang, D., Chen, Q., Huang, J., Kong, S., & Li, Z. (2021). Customer-robot interactions: Understanding customer experience with service robots. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 99, 103078.
IFR International Federation of Robotics. (n.d.). International Federation of Robotics. https://ifr.org/service-robots
INTELITY. (2016, May 16). Retrieved from INTELITY: https://intelity.com/blog/a-brief-look-at-the-history-of-hotel-technology/
Ivanov, S., Gretzel, U., Berezina, K., Sigala, M., & Webster, C. (2019) Progress on robotics in hospitality and tourism: a review of the literature. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology (forthcoming).
Jain, J. (2023). Meet the Hotel Guest of 2030. The Hotel Yearbook Technology 2024 - The Fast-Forward Tech Stack for 2024.
Jembere, S., Moodley, P., & Kiliswa, N. (2023). Acceptance of professional service Robots: A Cross-Cultural Study. African Journal of Inter-multidisciplinary Studies, 5(1), 1–11.
Jia, J. W., Chung, N., & Hwang, J. (2021). Assessing the hotel service robot interaction on tourists’ behaviour: the role of anthropomorphism. Industrial Management + Data Systems/Industrial Management & Data Systems, 121(6), 1457–1478.
Karunaratne, W., & Jayawardena, L. (2011). Assessment of customer satisfaction in a five star hotel - a case study. Tropical Agricultural Research, 21(3), 258.
Khoa, D., Gip, H., Guchait, P., & Wang, C. (2022). Competition or collaboration for human–robot relationship: a critical reflection on future cobotics in hospitality. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(6), 2202–2215.
Kim, H., So, K. K. F., & Wirtz, J. (2022). Service robots: Applying social exchange theory to better understand human–robot interactions. Tourism Management, 92, 104537.
Kim, S., Kim, J., Badu‐Baiden, F., Giroux, M., & Choi, Y. (2021). Preference for robot service or human service in hotels? Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 93, 102795.
King, C. A. (1995). What is hospitality? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 14(3/4), 219-234.
Komenda, T., Schmidbauer, C., Kames, D., & Schlund, S. (2021). Learning to share-teaching the impact of flexible task allocation in human-cobot teams. In Proceedings of the Conference on Learning Factories (CLF).
Korn, O., Akalin, N., & Gouveia, R. (2021). Understanding cultural preferences for social robots: a study in German and Arab communities. ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction, 10(2), Article 12.
Lancaster, K. (1966). A new approach to consumer theory. Journal of Political Economy, 74(2), 132–157.
Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding customer experience throughout the customer journey. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0420
Leung, D., Law, R., Van Hoof, H., and Buhalis, D. (2013). “Social media in tourism and hospitality: A literature review”. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, Vol. 30 No. 1-2, 3-22
Li, C., & Larivière, B. (2023). The more extroverted the better? Unraveling the complex relationship between service robots’ personality and the service robot experience. Psychology & Marketing, 40(11), 2370–2386.
Li, R., & Long, T. (2024). Research on improving customer satisfaction of hotel robot Service based on web text analysis. ITM Web of Conferences, 60, 00018.
Li, X., & Kumar, V. (2019). Robotics for customer service: a useful complement or an ultimate substitute? Journal of Service Research, 24(1), 9–29.
Li, Y., & Zhou, X. (2024). How service robots' human-like appearance impacts consumer trust: A study across diverse cultures and service settings. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 36(1), 1-17.
Lin, Y., & Choe, Y. (2022). Impact of luxury hotel customer experience on brand love and customer citizenship behavior. Sustainability, 14(21), 13899.
Lu, V. N., Wirtz, J., Kunz, W. H., Paluch, S., Gruber, T., Martins, A., & Patterson, P. G. (2020). Service robots, customers and service employees: what can we learn from the academic literature and where are the gaps? Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 30(3), 361–391.
Lukanova, G., & Ilieva, G. (2019). Robots, artificial intelligence, and service automation in hotels. In Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks, 157–183.
Marriott International Inc. (2023). Annual report. Marriott International, Inc. https://marriott.gcs-web.com/static-files/b82978a6-9d28-4e38-9855-fc4ae2cebe11
McCartney, G., & McCartney, A. (2020). Rise of the machines: towards a conceptual service-robot research framework for the hospitality and tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(12), 3835–3851.
Meidute-Kavaliauskiene, I., Çiğdem, Ş., Yıldız, B., & Davidavicius, S. (2021). The Effect of perceptions on Service Robot usage Intention: A survey study in the service sector. Sustainability, 13(17), 9655.
Merdin-Uygur, E., & Öztürkcan, S. (2023). Consumers and service robots: Power relationships amid COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 70, 103174.
Merkle, M. (2019). Customer responses to service robots–comparing human-robot interaction with human-human interaction. https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2019.170
Moraleda, L. F., Díaz-Pérez, P., Orea-Giner, A., Mazón, A., & Villacé-Molinero, T. (2020). Interaction between hotel service robots and humans: A hotel specific Service Robot Acceptance Model (sRAM). Tourism Management perspectives, 36, 100751.
Naumov, N. (2019). The impact of robots, artificial intelligence, and service automation on service quality and service experience in hospitality. In Emerald Publishing Limited eBooks (pp. 123–133).
Next-gen hotel guests have checked in. (2018). Deloitte United States. https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/consumer-business/articles/hotel-guest-experience-strategy.html
Nomura, T. (2017). Cultural differences in social acceptance of robots. 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication.
Nomura, T., Kanda, T., Suzuki, T., & Kato, K. (2023). Social Robots on a Global Stage: Establishing a Role for Culture During Human-Robot Interaction. Journal of Human-Robot Interaction, 12(2), 65-89.
O’Donnell, M. (2023). A new cast of characters at the hotel show: Service Robots. Hospitality Net. https://www.hospitalitynet.org/article/122000269.html
Odekerken‐Schröder, G., Mennens, K., Steins, M., & Mahr, D. (2021). The service triad: an empirical study of service robots, customers and frontline employees. Journal of Service Management, 33(2), 246–292.
Orea-Giner, A., Fuentes-Moraleda, L., Villacé-Molinero, T., Muñoz-Mazón, A., & Calero-Sanz, J. (2022). Does the Implementation of Robots in Hotels Influence the Overall TripAdvisor Rating? A Text Mining Analysis from the Industry 5.0 Approach. Tourism Management, 93, 104586.
Paluch, S., Tuzovic, S., Holz, H. F., Kies, A., & Jörling, M. (2021). “My colleague is a robot” – exploring frontline employees’ willingness to work with collaborative service robots. Journal of Service Management, 33(2), 363–388.
Paraman, P., Annamalah, S., Chakravarthi, S., Pertheban, T. R., Vlachos, P., Shamsudin, M. F., Kadir, B., How, L. K., Hoo, W. C., Ahmed, S., Leong, D. C. K., Raman, M., & Singh, P. (2023). A southeast Asian perspective on hotel service robots: Trans diagnostic mechanics and conditional indirect effects. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9, 100040.
Pearce, P. L., & Caltabiano, M. L. (1983). Inferring Travel Motivation from Travelers’ Experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 22(2), 16–20.
Pedro. T. (2023). Transforming guest experiences: the role of digital identity in hospitality. The Hotel Yearbook Technology 2024 - The Fast-Forward Tech Stack for 2024
Perepelytsia, A., & Yurchenko, Y. (2019). Modern hotel technology trends for hospitality industry. Вісник Харківського національного університету імені ВН Каразіна. Серія: Міжнародні відносини. Економіка. Країнознавство. Туризм, (9), 197-202.
Pitardi, V., Wirtz, J., Paluch, S., & Kunz, W. H. (2021). Service robots, agency and embarrassing service encounters. Journal of Service Management, 33(2), 389–414.
Prentice, C., Dominique‐Ferreira, S., & Wang, X. (2019). Emotional intelligence or artificial intelligence– an employee perspective. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 29(4), 377–403.
Rai, S. (2021, June 13). Aloft Hotels introduces robot butlers - Hotelier Middle East. Hotelier Middle East. https://www.hoteliermiddleeast.com/hme/30638-aloft-hotels-introduces-robot-butlers
Rajak, H. (2023, July 22). Wow Factor - HMBUB. HMBUB. https://hmhub.in/wow-factor/
Reis, J., Melão, N., Salvadorinho, J., Soares, B., & Rosete, A. (2020). Service robots in the hospitality industry: The case of Henn-na hotel, Japan. Technology in Society, 63, 101423. Ristova, M. (2020). What do hotel guests really want?: An analysis of online reviews using text mining. Menadzment U Hotelijerstvu I Turizmu, 8(1), 37–48.
Ryan, K. (2023). Harnessing Technology in the Hotel Industry: A Strategic Approach. The Hotel Yearbook Technology 2024 - The Fast-Forward Tech Stack for 2024.
Said, N. N., Mansour, K. B., Bahri-Ammari, N., Yousaf, A., & Mishra, A. (2023). Customer acceptance of humanoid service robots in hotels: moderating effects of service voluntariness and culture. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
Saravanakumar, S., & Tjprc. (2018). The Service Automation and Robotics in Hospitality Industry, A Study on Business Implications. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development, 8(6), 91–100.
Saul, L. (2023, November 23). Service Robots and AI: What impact on the future of Hospitality? EHL Insights. https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/service-robots-future-of-hospitality
Schumann, J. H., Von Wangenheim, F., Stringfellow, A., Yang, Z., Praxmarer, S., Jiménez, F. R., Blažević, V., Shannon, R., Shainesh, G., & Komor, M. (2010). Drivers of Trust in Relational Service Exchange: Understanding the importance of Cross-Cultural Differences. Journal of Service Research, 13(4), 453–468.
Seyitoğlu, F., & Иванов, С. (2020). Service robots as a tool for physical distancing in tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(12), 1631–1634.
Shah, T. R., Kautish, P., & Mehmood, K. (2023). Influence of robots service quality on customers’ acceptance in restaurants. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(12), 3117–3137.
Sheraton Hotel to use TUG robots. (2017, November 3). Aethon. https://aethon.com/sheraton-hotel-to-use-tug-robots/
Shih, D. (1986). VALS as a tool of tourism Market Research: The Pennsylvania Experience. Journal of Travel Research, 24(4), 2–11.
Shin, H. H., & Jeong, M. (2022). Redefining luxury service with technology implementation: the impact of technology on guest satisfaction and loyalty in a luxury hotel. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(4), 1491–1514.
Shulga, L. V., & Busser, J. A. (2020). Customer acceptance of four types of hospitality value propositions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 87, 102388.
Smith, A. K., Bolton, R. N., & Wagner, J. (1999). A Model of Customer Satisfaction with Service Encounters Involving Failure and Recovery. Journal of Marketing Research, 36(3), 356.
Smith, D. (2015). This is what it’s like to have an adorable robot bring you room service at a hotel. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/robot-room-service-video-aloft-hotel-2015-3
Solomon, M. (2021) 5 wow customer service stories from 5-star hotels: Examples any business can learn from, Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/micahsolomon/2017/07/29/5-wow-customer-service-stories-from-5-star-hotels-examples-any-business-can-learn-from/?sh=5fc4ede533e6 (Accessed: 13 January 2024).
Sowa, K., Przegalinska, A., & Ciechanowski, L. (2019). Cobots in Knowledge Work: Human – AI collaboration in managerial professions. Journal of Business Research, 125(ISSN 0148-2963), 135–142.
Starkov. M. (2022). No guests do not require human provided services in hospitality. https://www.phocuswire.com/no-guests-do-not-require-human-provided-services-in-hospitality
Su, L., Pan, Y., & Chen, X. (2017). Corporate social responsibility: Findings from the Chinese hospitality industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 34, 240–247.
Tajeddini, K., Martín, E., & Altınay, L. (2020). The importance of human-related factors on service innovation and performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 85, 102431.
Tan, H., Wang, D., & Sabanovic, S. (2018). Projecting Life Onto Robots: The Effects of Cultural Factors and Design Type on Multi-Level Evaluations of Robot Anthropomorphism. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
Thormundsson, B. (2024, March 20). Service robot manufacturers in lead countries 2023. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1383829/service-robot-manufacturers-2022/#:~:text=The%20United%20states%20has%2C%20by,Germany%2C%20the%20two%20next%20competitors
Ting, D., & Oates, G. (2016). Every One of Marriott’s 30 Hotel Brands, Explained. Skift. https://skift.com/2016/09/21/every-one-of-marriotts-30-hotel-brands-explained/
Tsai, C. Y., Marshall, J. D., Choudhury, A., Serban, A., Hou, Y. T. Y., Jung, M. F., ... & Yammarino, F. J. (2022). Human-robot collaboration: A multilevel and integrated leadership framework. The Leadership Quarterly, 33(1), 101594.
Tung, V. W. S., & Au, N. (2018). Exploring customer experiences with robotics in hospitality. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(7), 2680-2697.
Tuomi, A., Tussyadiah, I., & Hanna, P. (2021). Spicing up hospitality service encounters: the case of PepperTM. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(11), 3906–3925.
Vogt, C. A., and Fesenmaier, D. R. (1998). “Expanding the functional information search model”. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 551-578.
W3, Whiz Renaissance Paris La Défense Hotel Case study. (n.d.). https://emea.softbankrobotics.com/w3-whiz-renaissance-paris-la-d%C3%A9fense-hotel-case-study
Walls, A., Okumuş, F., Wang, Y., & Kwun, D. J. (2011). Understanding the Consumer Experience: An Exploratory study of Luxury hotels. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(2), 166–197.
Wilkinson, L. (2023, May 19). Marriott seeks improved efficiency, higher revenue amid tech overhaul. CIO Dive. https://www.ciodive.com/news/Marriott-International-technology-replatform-infrastructure-mobile-app/650794/
Wilkinson, L. (2024, May 2). Marriott Gears up for another year of Major Tech spending. CFO Dive. https://www.cfodive.com/news/marriott-international-tech-spend-digital-transformation-plan-ai/715359/
Wirtz, J., Patterson, P. G., Kunz, W. H., Gruber, T., Lu, V. N., Paluch, S., & Martins, A. (2018). Brave new world: service robots in the frontline. Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 907–931.
World Robotics 2022 – Service Robots. (2022). IFR - International Federation of Robotics. World Robotics 2022.
World Robotics 2023 – Service Robots. (2023). IFR - International Federation of Robotics. World Robotics 2023.
Wu, C. H., & Liang, R. (2009). Effect of experiential value on customer satisfaction with service encounters in luxury-hotel restaurants. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 586–593.
Wu, X., & Huo, Y. (2023). Impact of the introduction of service robots on consumer satisfaction: Empirical evidence from hotels. Technological Forecasting & Social Change/Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 194, 122718.
Xiang, Z., and Gretzel, U. (2010). “Role of social media in online travel information search”. Tourism Management, Vol. 31 No. 2, 179-188.
Yang, H., Song, H., Cheung, C., & Guan, J. (2021). How to enhance hotel guests’ acceptance and experience of smart hotel technology: An examination of visiting intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 97, 103000.
Yao, Q., Wu, Z., & Zhou, W. (2022). The impact of social class and service type on preference for AI service robots. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 17(4), 1049–1066.
Yavas, U., & Babakus, E. (2005). Dimensions of hotel choice criteria: congruence between business and leisure travelers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24(3), 359–367.
Yoganathan, V., Osburg, V., Kunz, W. H., & Toporowski, W. (2021). Check-in at the Robo-desk: Effects of automated social presence on social cognition and service implications. Tourism Management, 85, 104309.
Zabin, J. (2022). Hospitality robots, the subject of new research, come to life at industry trade shows. Starfleet Research.
Zhang, Z., Li, H., & Law, R. (2015). Differences and Similarities in Perceptions of Hotel Experience: The Role of National Cultures. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 32(Suppl. 1), S2–S14.
Zhao, Y., Xu, X., & Wang, M. (2019). Predicting overall customer satisfaction: Big data evidence from hotel online textual reviews. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 111–121.