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研究生: 卓憶如
Cho, Yi Ju
論文名稱: 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之電荷傳輸層與鈣鈦礦組成研究
Carrier Transporting Layers and Perovskite Composition Studies of Organometallic Perovskite Solar Cells
指導教授: 林皓武
Lin, Hao Wu
口試委員: 吳忠幟
Wu, Chung Chih
朱治偉
Chu, Chih Wei
林子超
Lin, Tzu Chau
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 100
中文關鍵詞: 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池電荷傳輸層鈣鈦礦組成
外文關鍵詞: perovskite solar cell, carrier transporting layer, perovskite composition
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  •   本論文研究應用於有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之電荷傳輸層與鈣鈦礦組成對元件表現的影響。
    第一章,簡介太陽能電池的發展歷史並回顧有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的研究發展與現況。
      第二章,概述有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之工作原理、光電特性、元件結構、材料分析、元件製備與量測。
      第三章,我藉由不同電洞傳輸層的搭配來改善元件效率並對元件表現的影響做進一步探討。其中,以優化lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (Li-TFSI)摻雜量與曝氧時間後的2,2’,7,7’-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9’-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) 元件具有最佳表現,其短路電流密度為22.50 mA/cm2,開路電壓為1.05 V,填充因子為0.62,能量轉換效率達14.6 %。
      第四章,我使用自行合成的TiO2奈米粒子與商用高溫製程TiO2作為電子傳輸層,並對元件進行優化。其中,以優化後的TiO2奈米粒子元件具有最佳表現,其短路電流密度為21.28 mA/cm2,開路電壓為1.0 V,填充因子為0.62,能量轉換效率達13.2 %。
      第五章,我調變鈣鈦礦主動層的組成成分,以formamidinium (HN=CHNH3+, FA+) 取代methylammonium (CH3NH3+, MA+) 並調變鹵素離子的組成以提升元件表現。其中,以20% Cl-離子摻雜的FAPbI3-xClx作為鈣鈦礦主動層的元件具有最佳表現,其短路電流密度為21.28 mA/cm2,開路電壓為1.0 V,填充因子為0.62,能量轉換效率達13.2 %。
      第六章,我嘗試以兩階段製程製備鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件,其最佳元件的短路電流密度為18.86 mA/cm2,開路電壓為1.04 V,填充因子為0.67,能量轉換效率達13.0 %。


      In this thesis, I study on the carrier transporting layers and perovskite composition of organometallic perovskite solar cells.
      In the first chapter, I briefly review the development of modern photovoltaics and organometallic perovskite solar cells.
      In the second chapter, the operation principle and characteristics of organometallic perovskite solar cells are described, followed by the details of device structures, materials analyses, device fabrications and characteristics measurements.
      In the third chapter, different hole transporting layers (HTLs) used in organometallic perovskite solar cells are studied. By optimizing the composition of HTL solution and fabrication methods, the device using 2,2’,7,7’-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9’-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) as HTL delivers the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.6 %, with a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 22.50 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.05 V and a fill factor (F.F.) of 0.62.
      In the forth chapter, I use in-house synthesized TiO2 nanoparticle and commercial compact TiO2 as electron transporting layers (ETLs). After the optimization of devices, the one using TiO2 nanoparticle as ETL gives the highest PCE of 13.2 %, with Jsc of 21.28 mA/cm2, Voc of 1.0 V and F.F. of 0.62.
      In the fifth chapter, the composition of perovskite absorbing layers is studied. By replacing methylammonium (CH3NH3+, MA+) with formamidinium (HN=CHNH3+, FA+) and fine-tuning the molar ratios of halogen, the optimized device shows the highest PCE of 13.2 %, with Jsc of 21.28 mA/cm2, Voc of 1.0 V and F.F. of 0.62.
      In the sixth chapter, two-step process is used for the device frabrication, and the best device can deliver a PCE of 13.0 %, with Jsc of 18.86 mA/cm2, Voc of 1.04 V and F.F. of 0.67.

    摘要 I Abstract II 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 X Chapter 1 緒論 1 1-1 前言 1 1-2 太陽能電池發展概述 1 1-2.1 第一代太陽能電池 2 1-2.2 第二代太陽能電池 2 1-2.3 第三代太陽能電池 3 1-3 有機薄膜太陽能電池發展 5 1-4 染料敏化太陽能電池發展 5 1-5 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池發展 6 1-6 論文結構 9 Chapter 2 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之工作原理與特性量測 10 2-1 簡介 10 2-2 太陽光頻譜 10 2-3 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之工作原理 13 2-4 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之光電特性 14 2-4.1 能量轉換效率 (power conversion efficiency, PCE): 14 2-4.2 開路電壓 (open circuit voltage, Voc): 14 2-4.3 短路電流密度 (short circuit current density, Jsc): 14 2-4.4 填充因子 (fill factor, F.F.): 15 2-4.5 外部量子效率 (external quantum efficiency, E.Q.E.): 15 2-5 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之元件結構 17 2-5.1 依載子傳輸方向分類 17 2-5.2 依元件型態分類 17 2-6 有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之材料分析、元件製備與元件量測 19 2-6.1 材料的光物理性質量測 19 2-6.2 元件製備 20 2-6.3 元件量測 21 Chapter 3 電洞傳輸層應用於有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 22 3-1 電洞傳輸層之發展與簡介 22 3-2 交聯材料VB-tPATAF 24 3-2.1 VB-tPATAF材料性質 24 3-2.2 加入交聯層VB-tPATAF製備正結構鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 24 3-3 反結構元件之電洞傳輸層開發 32 3-3.1 spiro-OMeTAD 32 3-3.2 PTAA 42 3-4 小結 46 Chapter 4 電子傳輸層應用於有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 47 4-1 電子傳輸層之發展與簡介 47 4-2 低溫製程TiO2 50 4-2.1 TiO2材料性質 50 4-2.2 TiO2奈米粒子合成 50 4-2.3 以TiO2奈米粒子作為ETL製備反結構鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 53 4-3 高溫製程TiO2 57 4-3.1 以高溫製程TiO2作為ETL製備反結構鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 57 4-4 小結 67 Chapter 5 鈣鈦礦組成應用於有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 68 5-1 鈣鈦礦組成之發展與簡介 68 5-2 FAPbI3 70 5-2.1 以FAPbI3作為鈣鈦礦主動層製備鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 70 5-3 FAPbI3-xClx 74 5-3.1 以FAPbI3-xClx作為鈣鈦礦主動層製備鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 74 5-4 小結 83 Chapter 6 兩階段製程法應用於有機金屬鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 84 6-1 兩階段製程法之發展與簡介 84 6-2 以兩階段製程法製備鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件 86 6-2.1 MAPbI3薄膜製備 86 6-2.2 MAPbI3元件製備 86 6-3 小結 90 Chapter 7 結論與未來展望 91 參考文獻 92

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