富勒烯是碳原子所組成的一種中空分子，在真空中或惰性氣體中凝聚而自然形成，這些碳原子凝聚結合時會組合成各種幾何形狀，例如：巴克球是五邊形和六邊形組合成球體，奈米碳管是由近似石墨的六邊形結構組合成中空長形圓柱體。富勒烯在雷射、超導以及醫藥等領域的應用都相當受人矚目。本研究結合虛擬實境技術和情境式學習理論設計出虛擬富勒烯實驗室場景和穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)，讓學習者透過互動操作來體驗富勒烯的製作過程。本虛擬實驗室採用電弧放電法儀器製作富勒烯樣本，學習者可以利用產出的樣本進行TEM檢測，並在微觀環境下嘗試以碳原子組裝巴克球、奈米碳尖錐和奈米碳管來增進對富勒烯結構與特性的認知。
本研究透過教學實驗來探討虛擬富勒烯實驗室實際應用在奈米課程活動的學習成效，以及學習者在使用後的態度與回饋意見。本實驗研究對象為北部某國中67名學生，分成「實驗組」與「控制組」進行教學實驗，「實驗組」使用本研究設計的虛擬富勒烯實驗室虛擬教材，「控制組」使用模擬教具進行教學(以磁珠組裝奈米碳尖錐、模型組裝巴克球)。本研究透過「前測」、「後測」以及「系統使用滿意度調查表」進行學習成效與學習者態度評量，並使用SPSS統計軟體進行數據分析，比較兩組學生的學習成效與學習者態度。研究結果發現，實驗組的學習成效顯著優於控制組，顯示學習者使用本研究虛擬教材有助於提升富勒烯概念，而實驗組的態度評量問卷調查分析結果顯示，大部分學習者對於教材內容、系統設計以及使用感想皆給予正向評價，顯示大部分學習者認為本研究虛擬教材能帶來較好的學習效果。本研究結果除了做為系統設計的改進依據，並將分析資料提供教學單位參考。

Fullerene is a hollow molecule composed of carbon atoms. In a vacuum or inert gas condensation naturally formed, they are combined into various geometries coagulate combining these carbon atoms. For example: buckyballs are pentagons and hexagons combined into a sphere, and nanotubes approximate hexagonal structure of graphite is combined into a hollow elongated cylinder. Fullerenes the subject of considerable attention is used in the field of lasers, superconductivity and medicine. In this study, the virtual reality technology combined with situational learning theory design a fullerene virtual laboratory scene and a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Let learners to experience through interactivity fullerene production process. The virtual laboratory using arc discharge instrument produced fullerene sample, then learners can take advantage of a TEM sample output detection. In order to enhance awareness of the structure and properties of fullerenes, try to assemble carbon buckyballs, nanotubes and nano-carbon tip in the micro-environment.
In this study, through teaching experiments to explore the practical application of virtual laboratory fullerene nano-curricular activities in learning outcomes and learner attitudes after using and feedback comments. The experimental study is from 67 students in the country north. That is spread the "Experiment" and "control group"; teaching experiment "Experiment" fullerenes using virtual laboratory study design virtual textbook, "control group" analog teaching aids (with beads assembled carbon nano-tip, model assembled buckyballs). In this study, through the "pre-test", "post-test" and "System satisfaction survey" carried out the effectiveness of learning and learner attitude assessment. And data analysis is using SPSS statistical software for comparising of two groups of students learning outcomes and learner attitude. The results found that the experimental group learning outcomes significantly is better than the control group, showing learners in this study help to improve virtual textbook fullerene concept. While the experimental group attitude assessment questionnaire analysis showed that for the majority of learners teaching materials, system design and the use of positive feelings are given to the evaluation. This study shows that the majority of learners think virtual materials can result in better learning results. In addition to, the results of this study as a basis for improvement of the system design and analysis of information provided teaching units reference.

一、中文
陳引幹、粘永堂、張聖麒、鄭惠方(2013)。奈米現象介紹與奈米國家型科技人才培育計畫推廣概況。科學研習。52(1)。2-7頁
許良榮、陳欣琦、黃鈺心(2012)。中部地區國小學童「奈米科技」核心概念調查研究。屏東教大科學教育。36。18-31頁
王文靜(2003)。基於虛擬情境的教學模式研究。課程與教學季刊。6(2)。69-78頁
林再順、羅健榮(2015)。從微米到奈米:光學顯微術的一大步。物理雙月刊。37(1)。51-63頁
沈宇哲(2009)。奈米微粒巴克球模型製作教學。物理教育學刊。10(1)。104-107頁
蘇郁捷、邱瑩庭、吳仲卿(2013)。奈米排排站-奈米微粒的自我組裝及應用。科學研習。52(1)。14-19頁
羅聖全(2013)。科學基礎研究之重要利器-掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)。科學研習。52(5)。2-4頁
李曉琪(2013)。穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)：電子波動性看奈米世界。科學研習。52(5)。5-9頁
李偉立(2011)。2010年諾貝爾物理獎-碳奈米結構的美。科學發展。462。54-59頁
劉根林、沈海軍(2009)。納米藝術:與高科技完美結合的藝術。納米科技。6(4)。65-70頁
劉偉仁、郭信良(2011)。下世代能源材料-石墨烯。物理雙月刊。33(2)。178-182頁
盧怡穎、鄭弘杰、廖均達、陳逸聰(2011)。石墨烯於電晶體的發展與應用。物理雙月刊。33(2)。171-177頁
馬振基、黃元利、顏銘佑、楊士億、田希文、蕭閔謙(2012)。石墨烯奈米高分子複合材料之製備方法、特性與應用。化工。59(2)。2-23頁
林明杰、李名袁、吳靖宙(2014)。奈米碳材應用在葡萄糖生物感測器之發展與研究。化工。61(5)。20-32頁
張鈞賀、蘇清源(2014)。氧化石墨烯的合成及其於能源與環境之應用。化學。72(3)。137-143頁
梁佳蓁(2015)。情境學習理論與幼兒教育課程的運用與實踐。臺灣教育評論月刊。4(7)。136-140頁
莊育振、周文修、洪于潔（2011）。以情境式學習觀點探討數位媒體應用於互動展示設計。科技學刊。20(2)。163-179頁
周文忠(2005)。虛擬實境之意義與應用。資訊科學應用期刊。1(1)。121-127頁
賴崇閔、黃秀美、廖述盛、黃雯雯(1999)。3D虛擬實境應用於醫學教育接受度之研究。教育心理學報。40(3)。341-362頁
周宣光(2000)。虛擬實境系統開發模式與應用。技術學刊。15(1)。79-87頁
林弘昌(2008)。錨式情境教學法的靜像式情境教材設計。生活科技教育月刊。41(5)。2-11頁
吳宛儒、蔡鳳秋、楊德清(2005)。故事情境融入國小數學科教學之研究~以面積單元為例。科學教育研究與發展季刊。41。74-94頁
王蕓瑛(2013)。觀察、體驗--身歷其境的學習：以國立科學工藝博物館情境設計為例。臺灣博物季刊。32(3)。96-103頁
馬麗莊(2008)。從學生的主觀經驗看情境教學法在香港家庭治療訓練的可行性初探。教育研究學報。23(1)。117-133頁
車蓓群(2007)。專業英語課程：語言教育與藝術行政管理的結合。關渡通識學刊。3。1-36頁
夏崇舜、楊育芳（2009）。多媒體教學在外與學習上的應用：以虛擬實境軟體為例。明新學報。35(1)。157-167頁
陳嘉玲(2015)。虛擬實境於復健醫學之運用。長庚醫訊。36(5)。17-19頁

二、英文
Bell, J. T. & Fogler, H. S. (1996). Vicher: A Virtual Reality Based Educational Module for Chemical Reaction Engineering. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 4(4), 285-296.
Binnig, G. & Rohrer, H. (1983). Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Surface Science, 126(1), 236-244.
Binnig, G., Quate, C. F. & Gerber, Ch. (1986). Atomic Force Microscope. Physical Review Letters, 56(9), 930-933.
Brown, J. S., Collins, A. & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32-42.
Burdea, G. (1993). Virtual Reality Systems and Applications. Electro’93 International Conference, Edison, New Jersey, 164-165.
Chen, T. M., Pan, F. M., Hung, J. Y., Chang, L., Wu, S. C. & Chen, C. F. (2007). Amorphous Carbon Coated Silicon Nanotips Fabricated by MPCVD Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide as the Template. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 154(4), 215-219.
Gorniak, P. & Roy, D. (2007). Situated Language Understanding as Filtering Perceived Affordances. Cognitive Science, 31(2), 197-231.
Feynman, R. P. (1992). There's plenty of room at the bottom (data storage). Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 1(1), 60-66.
Iijima, S. (1980). Direct observation of the tetrahedral bonding in graphitized carbon black by high resolution electron microscopy. Journal of Crystal Growth, 50(3), 675-683.
Iijima, S. (1991). Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature, 354(6348), 56-58.
Iijima, S. & Ichihashi, T. (1993). Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter. Nature, 363 (6430), 603-605.
John, N. L. & David, J. O. (1994). A Conceptual Virtual Reality Model. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 14(1), 23-29.
Jesse, F., Dylan, A. & Jeremy N. B. (2009). Virtual Reality A Survival Guide for the Social Scientist. Journal of Media Psychology, 21(3), 95-113.
Kay, M. S., Ronald, R. M. & Robert, S. K. (1998). Human Factors Issues in Virtual Environments: A Review of the Literature. Presence, 7(4), 327-351.
Kroto, H. W., Heath, J. R., O’Brien, S. C., Curl, R. F. & Smalley, R. E.(1985). C60:Buckminsterfullerene. Nature, 318(6042), 162-163.
Kroto, H. W. (1992). C60:Buckminsterfullerene, The Celestial Sphere that Fell to Earth. Angewandte Chemie, 31(2), 111-246.
Lave, J. & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Li, W. Z., Xie, S. S., Qian, L. X., Chang, B. H., Zou, B. S., Zhou, W. Y., Zhao, R. A. & Wang, G. (1996). Large scalesynthesis of aligned carbon nanotubes. Science, 274(5293), 1701-1703.
Meyer, J. C., Geim, A. K., Katsnelson, M. I., Novoselov, K.S., Booth, T. J. & Roth, S. (2007). The structure of suspended graphene sheets. Nature, 446(7131), 60-63.
Taniguchi, N. (1974). On the basic concept of ‘NanoTechnology’. In Proceeding of International Conference on Production Engineering (ICPE), Tokyo, Japan, 18-23.
Yakobson, B. I. & Smalley, R. E. (1997). Fullerene nanotubes: C1,000,000 and beyond. American Scientist, 85(4), 324-337.