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研究生： 蕭名廷
Hsiao,Ming-Ting
論文名稱： 可濕式製作深紅色磷光有機發光二極體
Wet-Process Feasible Deep-Red Phosphorescent OLED
指導教授： 周卓煇
Jou,Jwo-Huei
口試委員: 岑尚仁
Chen,Sun-Zen
薛景中
Shyue,Jing-Jong
陳建添
Chen,Chien-Tien
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 105
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 94
中文關鍵詞： 深紅光 、磷光 、共主體 、有機發光二極體
外文關鍵詞： deer-red, phosphorescent, co-host, OLED
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    • 深紅光可應於用高品質、廣色域顯示器，同時，也可應用於生理友善之低色溫照明光源；若要利用連續滾印(roll-to-roll)方式製作低成本大面積元件，勢必要一具有可濕製作特性的發光染料。本研究中，利用喹喔啉/二苯基笏雙重鄰位混成之環金屬配位體spirofluorene-dibenzosuberene[d]quinoxaline所合成出之磷光染料[bis-(spirofluorene-dibenzosuberene[d]quinoxaline-C2,N)-mono-acetylacetonate]iridium(III)
    ，配搭適當的共主體結構，製備出一高效率濕製深紅光有機發光二極體(Organic light-emitting diode, OLED)。以在100 cd/m2亮度下為例，其外部量子效率為8.4%，色座標為(0.70, 0.27)；在10 cd/m2亮度下，外部量子效率為11.2%，色座標為(0.72, 0.27)，為目前濕製深紅光OLED的世界紀錄。以材料設計的角度來看，此元件獲得高效率的原因為：一、螺旋笏改變了分子間緻密的堆疊方式，減少了染料間的濃度焠熄效應；二、染料具有較高的分子量，呈現較好的機械性質，使濕製發光層擁有良好的成膜性。以元件結構設計的角度來看，此其高效率的原因為：一、好的主客體能階搭配，使激子在主體上產生；二、合適的主體，具有能將激子能量有效地轉移給客體之特性；三、主體或共主體具有電子捕捉的特性，促使身為少數載子的電子，可以更有效注入，使載子注入平衡。

    Deep-red emission can be applied for fabricating high quality, wide color gamut displays as well as physiologically-friendly, low color temperature lighting source. Emitters with wet-process feasibility are highly desirable to fabricate cost-effective large-area-size devices via roll-to-roll fabrication. We demonstrate here the high-efficiency, wet-process feasible deep-red organic light-emitting diodes by using a suitable co-host structure coupling with a phosphorescent emitter, [bis-(spirofluorene-dibenzosuberene[d]quinoxaline-C2,N)-monoacetylacetona-te]iridium(III), using doubly ortho-linked qiunoxaline/diphenylfluorene hybrids as ligands. The resulting device shows an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.4% with CIExy (0.70, 0.27) at 100 cd/m2 and a maximum EQE of 11.2% with CIExy (0.72, 0.27) at 10 cd/m2, the highest EQE among all reported deep-red devices via wet-process. From material perspective, the record high efficiency may be attributed to the spirally configured fluorene moiety to prevent concentration-quenching effect and the high molecular weight of the emitter to enable the wet-processed emissive layer with good film-forming property. From device architecture perspective, the high efficiency may be attributed to a paired host and guest energy-levels to allow excitons generated on the host, a proper host to enable an effective host-to-guest energy transfer, and the employed host/co-host with electron trapping character to enable a balanced carrier injection.

    摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 IV 目錄 VIII 圖目錄 XII 表目錄 XV 壹、緒論 1 貳、文獻回顧 4 2-1 OLED的歷史發展 4 2-2 OLED的發光原理 19 2-3 OLED的能量傳遞機制 24 2-4 光色定義 27 2-5 元件出光機制 28 2-6 OLED材料之發展 30 2-6-1 陽極材料 30 2-6-2 電洞注入材料 31 2-6-3 電洞傳輸材料 31 2-6-4 電子傳輸材料 32 2-6-5 電子注入材料 33 2-6-6 陰極材料 33 2-7 紅光OLED之發展 34 2-8 濕製OLED之發展 38 參、實驗方法 43 3-1 材料 43 3-1-1 材料之功能、全名及簡稱 44 3-1-2 本研究所使用有機材料之化學結構式 45 3-1-3 材料性質之量測 49 3-1-4 材料NMR譜圖分析 51 3-2 元件設計及製備 52 3-2-1 元件電路設計 52 3-2-2 ITO基材清潔 53 3-2-3 旋轉塗佈電洞傳輸層 53 3-2-4 旋轉塗佈發光層 54 3-2-5 熱蒸鍍製程 54 3-2-6 成膜鍍率測定 55 3-2-7 有機層之製備 56 3-2-8 無機層之製備 56 3-3 元件之量測及發光效率計算 57 肆、結果與討論 59 4-1 材料特性 59 4-2 neat film發光層 65 4-3 主體效應 67 4-3-1 元件結構 67 4-3-2 主體材料對紅光OLED的影響 68 4-3-3 染料濃度對紅光OLED的影響 70 4-4 共主體效應 76 4-4-1 共主體元件結構 76 4-4-2 共主體材料對紅光OLED的影響 77 伍、結論 82 陸、參考文獻 84 附錄、個人著作目錄 94 (A)期刊論文 94 (B)研討會論文 94

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