根據中央健康保險局的統計資料顯示，關於腎結石之醫療耗費甚巨，而結石成份分析發現草酸鈣型腎結石所佔比例最高，而本次研究的目的是想要調查草酸鈣型腎結石與幾個介白素基因位點的關係，因為腎結石形成時發炎反應與免疫反應可能扮演了重要的角色，而介白素在引發腎臟發炎是重要的中介因子，故取得中國醫藥學院的草酸鈣型腎結石病患的DNA以數種與發炎反應及免疫反應有關的介白素IL-2(譯碼區第114位點，病患86人和建康對照組86人), ,IL-4(內子第三段，病患210人和建康對照組96人), IL-6(啟始區負572，病患79人和建康對照組85人)和IL-18(譯碼區第105位點，病患87人和建康對照組93人)作聚合酵素鏈鎖反應限制酶片段長度多型性調查發現與這幾個發炎反應有關的介白素單核苷酸多型性位點與罹患腎結石無顯著相關，而參與細胞性免疫的IL-2譯碼區第1142單核苷酸多型性位點其卡方檢定p值為0.025顯示與罹患腎結石有高度正相關，也許該位點可以作為預測草酸鈣型腎結石的遺傳標的。

According to Bureau of National Health Insurance statistics, nephrolithiasis wastes our society a lot of money and the major components of the stone from nephrolithiasis is calcium oxalate(CaOx).The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between CaOx nephrolithiasis and several DNA varivation of interleukin genes.Because inflammation and immune response may play a important role in nephrolithiasis,and interleukin are knowm to be important mediators during renal inflammation.We genotyped by PCR-RFLP samples from China medical university ,which IL-2(coding region+114) group have 86patients and 86 health controls,IL-4(intron3) group have 210 patients and 96 health controls,IL-6(promoter region -572)group have 79 patients and 85 health controls,IL-18(coding region+105) group have 87patients and 93 health controls,finally by using the chi –square test we found that p value0.025)for IL-4,IL-6, and IL-18 group are low,but p value for IL-2( pvalue is positively associated with CaOx nephrolithiasis,perhaps IL-2 coding region+114 SNP could be a potential genetic marker for the prediction of CaOx nephrolithiasis.

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