隨著各先進國家國民所得提高，國民對於生活品質的要求增加，各國對於環境資源的重視也隨之提昇；然而在工業革命之後，大量環境資源被犧牲以換取高速經濟成長，造成各種污染問題日趨嚴重。環境管制逐漸為各國政府所重視，然而在進行環境管制後對於產業競爭力的影響為何？則是自1970以來美國制訂環境管制標準後，成為許多學者關注焦點。

本研究利用三階段資料包絡法驗證環境管制與廠商競爭力之間關係。同時比較環境管制因素影響下四類水污染產業之前後管理效率差異，驗證環境管制與廠商競爭力方法，找出環境管制對廠商造成管理效率之影響。擬參考Fried et al.(1999) 及Fried et al.(2002)的理論架構，建立本研究的實證模型，再界定本研究之投入產出變數，得到廠商技術效率及差額值，並根據廠商無效率成因選取適當差額解釋變數，及利用Gollop and Roberts (1983)觀念設立本研究環境管制變數，並比較環境管制變數調整前後效率值之差異。

最後實證結果顯示，本研究獲得不同於Gollop and Roberts(1983)及Conrad and Morrison(1989)的研究結果，是否考慮環境管制效果對於當期廠商競爭力並不一定有顯著之負向影響。而經由跨期效率值驗證Porter理論，可看出Hicks(1932)及Porter and Linde (1995)提出之誘發創新效果確實存在，但是並不如Porter and Linde或雙贏理論認為所預測的，完全抵減掉廠商由於服從管制造成之競爭力及管理效率的損失。

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