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研究生: 吳宏泰
Wu, Hung-Tai
論文名稱: 含二胺基吡啶及2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶的金屬錯合物合成
Synthesis of Metal Complexes Containing Diamidopyridyl and 2-amido-6-phosphinopyridyl Ligands
指導教授: 蔡易州
Tsai, Yi-Chou
口試委員: 洪嘉呈
尤禎祥
蔡易州
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 化學系
Department of Chemistry
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 94
中文關鍵詞: 銅金屬錯合物
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  • 中文摘要
    本實驗室過去嘗詴以雙氮基脒為配基合成雙鎢金屬多重鍵的錯
    合物,但是在還原的過程中皆會發生分子內碳氫鍵的活化,造成無法
    得到雙鎢五重鍵之錯合物。因而本篇論文第一部分嘗詴以二胺基吡啶
    配基H2N2NR = [2,6-bis(R2phenylamido)-4-methylpyridine] (R = Dipp or
    Dep) ( Dipp = diisopropyl or Dep = diethyl) 與 WCl4(DME) (DME =
    dimethoxyethane)反應,期望得到具有雙鎢五重鍵的產物。其合成步
    驟的部分與過去常見的方式不同,是以未去質子化的配位基與
    WCl4(DME) 反應後再加入鹼進行去質子化,兩種形式的二胺基吡啶
    配基分別可得到錯合物
    W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (1)與
    錯合物
    W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (2),兩
    者皆為雙鎢三重鍵的產物且配基上皆有一邊的胺基沒有進行去質子
    化,隨後將兩錯合物進行還原,錯合物1 還原之產物並不穩定會隨時
    間不斷的分解,而錯合物2 之產物無法與自由配基分離,因此皆尚未
    得到X-ray 單晶繞射的結果。
    第二部分嘗詴將二胺基吡啶修飾為2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶,藉由此
    不對稱之配基期望合成具有異核金屬鍵的錯合物。此配位基與二氯化
    II
    鈷 和二氯化錳皆得到四方錐的結構, 分別為錯合物
    (Et2O)Co[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (5) 與錯合物
    (THF)Mn[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (6),此二結構中膦
    基皆未與金屬配位。而與碘化亞銅反應的情況則有所不同,得到錯合
    物(CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7),類似過
    去本實驗室以二胺基吡啶為配基的三銅錯合物,惟三個銅原子並不在
    同一直線上,其還原反應中並沒有得到還原產物,產物為合成錯合物
    7 時之中間產物, 為錯合物
    Cu2[μ-κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (8),以錯合物7 與
    Pd(PEt3)3、Ni(PEt3)4、Fe2(CO)9 三個含有零價金屬的詴劑進行反應,
    可得到錯合物
    (PEt3)PdCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (9) 錯合物
    (PEt3)NiCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (10) 錯合
    物(CO)3FeCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (13)三個
    晚期異核金屬的錯合物,僅有錯合物13 的三個金屬在同一直線,而
    鐵原子上的三個羰基夾角並不相等,以最靠近銅的夾角明顯較大。嘗
    詴以錯合物7 與二苯基胺反應形成錯合物
    (CuNPh2)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (14),再以
    錯合物14 與溴化苯在紫外光的照射下進行碳氮耦合反應。


    Abstract
    Treatment of the diamindopyridyl ligand,
    4-Me-2,6-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2C5H3N, with WCl4(DME) (DME =
    dimethoxyethane) in the presence of 2 equiv of DBU
    (DBU=1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene) gave the ditungsten complex,
    W2Cl4(μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2-6-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N)2 (1).
    NMR spectroscopy and X-ray studies showed that 1 have two amino
    arms and chloro groups point towards the protons of those two amino
    groups. We then reduced the bulk of the diamindopyridyl ligand by
    substituting Dep (2,6-Et2C6H3) for Dipp (2,6-iPr2C6H3), and the product
    W2Cl4(μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N)2 (2)
    structurally similar to 1 was isolated upon reacting with WCl4(DME).
    Subsequently, attempts to reduce 1 and 2 by KC8 were carried out.
    However, the reduced product of 1 decomposes rapidly in solutions,
    while the free ligand was the major product upon reduction of 2.
    In the second part of this thesis, we employed
    amidophosphinopyridiyl ligand 2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2pyridine
    to stabilize metals. Treatment of CoCl2 or MnCl2 with
    (Et2O)Li[κ1-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N] yielded the
    mononuclear compounds
    (OEt2)Co[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (5) and
    (THF)Mn[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (6), respectively.
    Both metal centers adopt a square pyramidal configuration. The reaction
    between (Et2O)Li[κ1-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N] and CuI
    yielded the trinuclear complex
    IV
    (CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7), where CuI
    is ligated by two phosphine groups. The structure of 7 is similar to the
    previously prepared tricopper complex
    Li{Cu3[μ-κ3-4-methyl-2,6-bis(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)2pyridine]2}, in which three
    copper atoms are arranged in a linear conformation. Reduction of 7 gave
    the dicopper compound Cu2(μ-κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N)2
    (8) (vide infra), where each Cu is linear and ligated by two N atoms.
    Alternatively, compound 8 was isolated from the reaction of
    (Et2O)Li[κ1-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N] and CuI. Interestingly,
    treatment of 7 with Pd(PEt3)3, Ni(PEt3)4 and Fe2(CO)9 led to the
    formation of three heterotrinuclear complexes
    (PEt3)PdCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (9),
    (PEt3)NiCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (10) and
    (CO)3FeCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (13),
    respectively. The conformation of these three heterotrinuclear complexes
    is roughly the same, in which Pd, Ni and Fe atoms replace the
    phosphine-bound CuI fragment. Notably, three metals in 13 are arranged
    in a linear mode. Although the iron center in 13 adopts a trigonal
    bipyrimidal conformation and three CO ligands are in equatorial positions,
    the angles between the three carbonyl groups are not equivalent; the angle
    close to the copper centers is larger than the other two. Reactions of 7
    with 1 equivalent of LiNPh2 generateed the complex,
    (CuNPh2)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (14),
    which reacted with bromobenzene via C-N coupling to give NPh3 upon
    ultraviolet radiation.

    目錄 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ Abstract……………………………………………………………………………III 謝誌……………………………………………………………………………….. V 目錄……………………………………………………………………….……...VII 圖目錄…………...................................................................................................X 流程圖目錄……..................................................................................................XI 表目錄…………................................................................................................ XII 第一章 緒論.....................................................................................................1 1-1. 金屬金屬多重鍵發展........................................................................... 1 1-2. 金屬金屬四重鍵 .................................................................................. 2 1-3. 金屬-金屬五重鍵................................................................................. 3 1-4. 雙鎢金屬錯合物 .................................................................................. 8 1-5. 異核金屬鍵.......................................................................................... 9 1-6. 研究目的............................................................................................ 10 第二章 二胺基吡啶之鎢金屬錯合物之合成…………………………………...12 2-1. 前言.................................................................................................... 12 2-2. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (1)之合成與鑑定........................................ 15 2-3. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (2)之合成與鑑定..................................... 19 2-4. 結論.................................................................................................... 22 第三章 2-胺基6-膦基吡啶配基及其錯合物之合成……………………………23 3-1. 前言.................................................................................................... 23 3-2. 2-胺基6-膦基吡啶配位基之合成...................................................... 24 3-3. 錯合物(OEt2)Co[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (5)之結構 合成與鑑定........................................................................................ 26 3-4. 錯合物(THF)Mn[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (6)之結構 合成與鑑定........................................................................................ 28 3-5. 前言(銅金屬錯合物) .......................................................................... 30 3-5-1. 多銅金屬錯合物 ....................................................................... 30 3-5-2. 具有放光性質之含銅金屬錯合物 ............................................ 31 3-6. 錯合物(CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7)的 合成與鑑定........................................................................................ 32 3-7. 錯合物(PEt3)PdCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2(9) 的結構合成與鑑定............................................................................ 39 3-8. 錯合物(PEt3)NiCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 VIII (10)的合成與鑑定.............................................................................. 42 3-9. 錯合物(CO)3FeCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2(13) 的結構合成與鑑定............................................................................ 45 3-10. 結論.................................................................................................... 49 3-11. 前言(碳氮鍵耦合反應) ...................................................................... 50 3-12. 錯合物(CuNPh2)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (14)的結構合成與鑑定...................................................................... 52 第四章 實驗步驟與晶體結構資料……………………………………………...55 4-1. 實驗儀器與溶劑 ................................................................................ 55 4-1-1. 一般操作:............................................................................... 55 4-1-2. 實驗使用儀器: ....................................................................... 55 4-1-3. 實驗溶劑與藥品 ....................................................................... 56 4-2. 實驗步驟............................................................................................ 58 4-2-1. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (1)的合成.......................................... 58 4-2-2. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (2)的合成........................................... 59 4-2-3. 配位基 2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N (3)之合成........ 60 4-2-4. 錯合物(OEt2)Co[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (5)的 合成.......................................................................................... 62 4-2-5. 錯合物(THF)Mn[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (6)的 合成.......................................................................................... 63 4-2-6. (CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7)錯合 物之合成................................................................................... 64 4-2-7. 錯合物 Cu2[μ-κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (8)的合 成.............................................................................................. 65 4-2-8. 錯合物(PEt3)PdCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (9)的合成...................................................... 66 4-2-9. 錯合物(PEt3)NiCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2pyridine]2 (10)的合成.................................................. 67 4-2-10. 錯合物(CO)3FeCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (13)的合成.................................................... 67 4-2-11. 錯合物(CuNPh2)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (14)錯合物之合成......................................... 68 4-3. 其他嘗詴............................................................................................ 70 4-3-1. W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N ]2 (1)之鈉汞齊還原反應............................................................ 70 IX 4-3-2. W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N ]2 (1)與正丁基鋰反應(Tai 1-225) ............................................ 72 4-3-3. W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C5H2N ]2 (1)與鎂粉反應(Tai 1-227).................................................... 72 4-3-4. WCl3(DME)與去質子化之二胺基吡啶配基反應(Tai 1-48) ..... 73 4-3-5. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (2)與KOtBu 反應(Tai 2-22)............. 73 4-3-6. 錯合物 W2Cl4[μ-κ2-4-Me-2-(HN-2,6-Et2C6H3)-6- (N-2,6-Et2C6H3)C5H2N]2 (2)與二乙基胺反應(Tai 2-57)............ 73 4-3-7. 去質子化之 2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶與WCl3(DME)反應(Tai 1-173) …………………………………………………………………..74 4-3-8. 去質子化之 2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶與MoCl3(THF)3 反應(Tai 2-89)……………………….. ..................................................... 74 4-3-9. 去質子化之 2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶與CrCl3 反應(Tai 1-192) ........ 75 4-3-10. 去質子化之 2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶與二碘化鎳(NiI2)反應(Tai 2-134). ....................................................................................... 75 4-3-11. 去質子化之 2-胺基-6-膦基吡啶與二氯化鐵(FeCl2)反應(Tai 2-115) ........................................................................................ 75 4-3-12. 錯合物(THF)Mn[κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (6)與 Pd(PEt3)3 反應(Tai -194)............................................................ 76 4-3-13. 錯合物(CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7)與二氯化鈷(CoCl2)反應....................................................... 76 4-3-14. 錯合物(CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7)與W(CO)5(THF)反應(Tai 2-195) ......................................... 77 4-3-15. 錯合物(CuI)Cu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (7)與AuCl (THT)反應(Tai 2-221) ............................................ 78 4-3-16. (PEt3)PdCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6-P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (9) 與氧氣之反應........................................................................... 78 4-3-17. 錯合物(PEt3)NiCu2[μ3-κ1:κ2-2-(N-2,6-iPr2C6H3)-6- P(C6H5)2C5H3N]2 (10 )與氧氣之反應........................................ 79 4-4. 晶體結構資料表 ................................................................................ 81 第五章 參考文獻 ........................................................................................... 93

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