「溝通」為人與人之間，藉由語言或非語言的方式，相互傳遞訊息的互動歷程，無論在日常生活或工作場域中皆扮演了舉足輕重的角色。此外，高齡化社會已成為全球之趨勢，臺灣在1993年也已經邁入高齡化社會，故與高齡者相關之議題也日趨重要。然而，過去與高齡者溝通之相關文獻大多著重在探討照護與醫病溝通等議題，較少研究探討與高齡者相關之世代間的溝通。本研究期待以高齡者與年輕人在日常中的口語溝通為主軸，探討不同世代間的溝通障礙與溝通障礙的成因。
本研究將結合質性與量化之方法，透過觀察實驗參與者的溝通互動過程、問卷及訪談實驗參與者所蒐集之資料，分析歸納出高齡者與年輕人之間的溝通障礙與造成之原因。結果顯示，溝通者所屬的「世代」會對他人與自己的溝通適當度與滿意度之知覺造成顯著差異，年輕人認為自己在與他人溝通時，自己的表現並沒有對方來的好，而高齡者認為溝通者雙方的表現皆差不多。造成此現象的原因推論是受中國文化特質中的「謙虛」、「尊敬」與「缺乏自信」所影響。除此之外，本研從訪談中究萃取出11個造成溝通障礙的因素，並歸納成五個構面，分別為「以他人為中心」、「以自我為中心」、「無法達成溝通目的」、「缺乏互動與連結」與「其他」。不同世代所察覺到造成溝通障礙的原因並不一樣。從年輕人的觀點來看，他們會因為尊敬高齡者所以勉強自己去享受這段談話、覺得高齡者總是講太多話且總會堅持己見。然而，高齡者認為在兩世代間主要的溝通障礙是因為彼此間知識、想法的差異，且年輕人也會堅持己見。
本研究發現了一些溝通障礙與高齡者和年輕的之間不同的觀點，並提出一些促進世代間溝通的建議。未來研究可以更深入探討如何減少世代間溝通障礙的策略，以提升溝通的品質與滿意度。

Communication is an interactive process of transmitting messages among people through verbal or nonverbal ways. It plays an important role in both daily life and workplace. Moreover, population aging has been a global trend, and Taiwan has also been an aging society since 1993. Therefore, issues related to elderly are becoming important. However, previous studies related to elderly communication mainly focused on issues discussing healthcare and doctor-patient communication, fewer studies investigate intergenerational communication regarding the elderly. This study expects to put focus on the daily speech communication between elder and younger people to investigate the communication barriers and the causes between different generations.
The study integrated both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data through questionnaires and interviews, and then analyzed and generalized the communication barriers and the causes between elder and younger people. The results showed that communicators’ generation had significant influence on their perceptions of communication appropriateness and satisfaction between self and others. Young generation tended to thought others performed better then self no matter which generation the target communicators were. This might due to some characteristics in Chinese culture, like humbleness, respects, and lack of self-confidence. Besides, there were eleven factors that might result in communication barriers being extracted from interviews. All factors were generalized in to five categories, which were other centred, self centred, inability to achieve communicative goals, lack of interaction and connection, and others.
Different generation perceived different situation as causes of barriers. Barriers from young perspectives were: paying respect to elders so that forcing themselves to enjoy the communication, and elders always being too talkative and holding on their own views. While the elders thought the main barriers between two generations were their difference in knowledge and opinions, and the young also holding on their own views.
This study found some barriers and different perspectives between young and elder generations, and proposed some suggestions for good intergenerational communication. Future research can further investigate the strategies to minimize the intergenerational communication barriers, and enhance conversational quality and satisfaction.

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